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With reference to one biome that you have studied, account for the type of climate experienced in this biome and explain how this climate impacts on soils and vegetation within the biome. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 17 - 2013
Question 17
With reference to one biome that you have studied, account for the type of climate experienced in this biome and explain how this climate impacts on soils and vegeta... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:With reference to one biome that you have studied, account for the type of climate experienced in this biome and explain how this climate impacts on soils and vegetation within the biome. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 17 - 2013
Step 1
Identify the Biome and Its Climate
Answer
For this question, I will refer to the temperate deciduous forest biome. The temperate deciduous forest experiences a humid continental climate characterized by four distinct seasons: warm summers, cold winters, and moderate precipitation throughout the year.
The average annual temperature ranges between 10°C to 15°C, with winter temperatures sometimes dropping below freezing and summer temperatures reaching up to 30°C. Precipitation is distributed fairly evenly across the year, with an average of 75 to 150 cm.
Step 2
Impact of Climate on Soils
Answer
The climate of the temperate deciduous forest significantly influences the soil quality and characteristics. The abundant precipitation leads to the leaching of nutrients, particularly in the spring melt when soil saturation is high.
Additionally, the seasonal variations in temperature contribute to the formation of fertile, loamy soils enriched with organic matter from leaf litter decomposition. This organic material enhances soil fertility, resulting in a nutrient-rich environment conducive to plant growth.
Step 3
Impact of Climate on Vegetation
Answer
The temperate climate supports a diverse range of vegetation, specifically deciduous trees such as oaks, maples, and beeches. These trees adapt well to seasonal changes, shedding their leaves in winter to conserve water and energy.
The moderate climate and consistent rainfall facilitate the growth of understory plants and a rich diversity of flora, including shrubs and herbaceous plants. The well-defined seasons also influence the life cycles of these plants, promoting a vibrant spring bloom and a dormant phase in winter.