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Explain how two of the factors listed below influence the development of agriculture in a Continental / Sub-Continental region (not in Europe) that you have studied: • Climate • Relief and soils • Markets. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question C - 2017
Question C
Explain how two of the factors listed below influence the development of agriculture in a Continental / Sub-Continental region (not in Europe) that you have studied:... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain how two of the factors listed below influence the development of agriculture in a Continental / Sub-Continental region (not in Europe) that you have studied: • Climate • Relief and soils • Markets. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question C - 2017
Step 1
Climate
Answer
The climate of a continental region significantly influences agricultural development through temperature, precipitation, and growing seasons. For instance, regions with a temperate climate, characterized by distinct seasonal variations, allow for a variety of crops to thrive.
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Temperature: Adequate temperature is vital for plant growth. In regions where temperatures range between 10°C to 30°C during the growing season, crops like wheat and corn flourish. If temperatures are too low or too high, crop yields can be adversely affected.
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Precipitation: The amount and distribution of rainfall are critical for agriculture. Regions that experience a moderate amount of annual rainfall (e.g., between 500mm to 1000mm) can support productive farming. However, too much rainfall can lead to waterlogging, while too little can cause droughts.
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Growing Season: A longer growing season allows farmers to plant multiple crops per year, increasing the overall yield. Regions with a more extended growing season can grow a variety of crops, enhancing food security and contributing to the local economy.
Step 2
Relief and soils
Answer
Relief and soil types are crucial for determining the suitability of land for agriculture. The topography of a region affects drainage and erosion, while soil characteristics influence fertility.
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Topography: Flat lands are generally easier to cultivate compared to mountainous regions. Valley areas often have more fertile soil due to sediment deposition from rivers. For instance, the Great Plains of North America are known for their vast flat terrains ideal for large-scale farming.
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Soil Fertility: The presence of nutrient-rich soils, such as loam, supports diverse agriculture. In contrast, rocky or sandy soils may not retain moisture or nutrients, making them less suitable for farming. Regions with alluvial soils, formed from river deposits, often provide fertile ground for crops.
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Erosion: Regions with steep slopes may experience significant soil erosion, leading to challenges in maintaining productive agricultural land. Sustainable agricultural practices, such as terracing, can help mitigate these effects and preserve soil quality.