Urban Development Examine the factors that have influenced the development of one urban area in a Continental/ Sub-Continental region (not in Europe) that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 68 - 2018

Mumbai's development has been greatly influenced by social factors such as the influx of rural-to-urban migration. The city's job opportunities and better living standards attract individuals and families from various parts of India. This massive migration leads to a diverse cultural landscape, further fueling urban growth.

Economic factors play a crucial role in Mumbai's urban development. As the financial capital of India, it hosts numerous multinational corporations, banks, and financial institutions. This concentration of economic activity has resulted in increased job creation, investment opportunities, and infrastructure development.

Political factors also shape Mumbai's urban landscape. Government policies regarding housing, urban planning, and transportation significantly impact the city's growth. Initiatives aimed at improving infrastructure, such as the Mumbai Metro, have eased congestion and facilitated urban expansion.

Mumbai faces several environmental challenges, including flooding and pollution, that influence its urban development. The city's coastal location makes it susceptible to sea-level rise and extreme weather events, which necessitate adaptive urban planning strategies to mitigate these impacts.