Describe and explain how humans attempt to control one of the following surface processes: - River processes - Sea processes - Mass movement. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question Question 1 - 2011

One of the primary methods employed is the construction of dams. Dams are built to store water in reservoirs, effectively regulating river flow and preventing floods downstream. They also provide water for irrigation and drinking.

In addition to dams, levees are constructed along riverbanks to increase the height of the banks and prevent river overflow. These earth or concrete barriers redirect floodwaters, helping protect adjacent land and properties.

River channelization involves straightening and deepening river channels to increase flow velocity. This reduces the chances of flooding by allowing more water to move quickly through the system.

Floodplain zoning is a planning method where land use is controlled based on flood risk. By restricting development in high-risk areas, potential damage from flooding is minimized.

To prevent erosion, humans utilize techniques such as planting vegetation along riverbanks, installing gabions, or using riprap. These measures stabilize soil and absorb energy from flowing water.

Dredging involves removing sediment from riverbeds to maintain depth and improve navigation. This process can also help prevent flooding by maintaining an adequately sized channel.

Humans often abstract water from rivers for agricultural, industrial, and domestic uses. This practice requires careful management to avoid ecological harm and maintain water levels.

Integrating technology, flood warning systems are established to notify communities of rising water levels. Early warnings allow for timely evacuations and preparations to minimize damage.

In some cases, humans engage in river restoration projects that aim to return rivers to a more natural state. This can enhance biodiversity and improve natural flood defenses, countering prior engineering interventions.