Photo AI
Surface Processes Answer (i) or (ii) - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B - 2015
Question B
Surface Processes Answer (i) or (ii). (i) Examine the impact of the processes of erosion on the formation of one fluvial, coastal or glacial landform that you have ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Surface Processes Answer (i) or (ii) - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B - 2015
Step 1
Examine the impact of the processes of erosion on the formation of one fluvial, coastal or glacial landform that you have studied.
Answer
To examine the impact of erosion on a specific landform, let's consider the formation of a river valley.
Introduction
Erosion plays a critical role in shaping river valleys through various processes such as hydraulic action, abrasion, and corrosion. These processes contribute to the valley's distinct features.
Processes of Erosion
-
Hydraulic Action: This process occurs when the force of moving water compresses air in cracks and crevices of the riverbed. When the pressure is released, it causes the rocks to fracture and erode, deepening the valley.
-
Abrasion: As sediment and rocks are carried downstream, they collide with the riverbank and bed, wearing away the material and contributing to the valley’s widening.
-
Corrosion: The chemical interaction between the water and the minerals in the rock can lead to further erosion. This is particularly effective in limestone areas, where soluble minerals are dissolved, enhancing the valley's depth.
Impact on the Landform
The processes of erosion collectively lead to the development of a V-shaped river valley. Over time, this results in not only deepening but also widening of the valley, characterized by steep sides.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the processes of erosion, including hydraulic action, abrasion, and corrosion, significantly impact the formation of river valleys, creating a landscape that reflects the dynamic interactions between water and terrain.
Step 2
Describe and explain the factors governing the operation of one mass movement process that you have studied.
Answer
For this response, we will describe and explain soil creep as a mass movement process.
Definition of Soil Creep
Soil creep is a gradual, downward movement of soil and rock material under the influence of gravity. It is one of the slowest types of mass movement.
Factors Governing Soil Creep
-
Gravity: The primary driving force behind soil creep. The force of gravity acts on the mass of soil, causing it to move downhill over time.
-
Soil Saturation: The presence of water in soil can influence its cohesion and weight. Saturated soil is heavier and more prone to movement.
-
Vegetation: Roots of plants help to hold the soil in place. However, when vegetation is removed or when roots decay, the soil becomes more susceptible to movement.
-
Temperature Changes: Freeze-thaw cycles can lead to expansion and contraction of soil particles, causing them to shift and contribute to soil creep.
-
Soil Composition: Different types of soil have varying levels of cohesion. Sandy soils, for example, are less cohesive and more prone to movement compared to clay soils.
Conclusion
In conclusion, soil creep is governed by a combination of gravity, soil saturation, vegetation, temperature changes, and soil composition. Understanding these factors allows for a better comprehension of this mass movement process.