Examine, with the aid of a labelled diagram or diagrams, the processes that have led to the formation of one Irish landform of erosion or deposition of your choice. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question (i) - 2010

The primary processes involved in the formation of the Cliffs of Moher are hydraulic action and abrasion.

The Cliffs of Moher are located on the west coast of Ireland, extending for about 14 kilometers along the Atlantic Ocean.

A labelled diagram should depict the Cliffs of Moher including features such as the cliffs' height and the effects of wave action. Labels should indicate 'hydraulic action', 'abrasion', and 'wave-cut platform'.

The examination of the Cliffs of Moher reveals several significant relevant points (SRPs):

1. Formation through Erosion: The vertical cliffs have formed over thousands of years due to constant wave action, leading to the undercutting of the lower parts of the cliffs, creating steep formations.

2. Hydraulic Action: This process involves the force of waves compressing air in cracks in the rock, which causes pieces of rock to break off.

3. Abrasion: Over time, the material carried by the waves grinds against the rock face, leading to further erosion and smoothing of the surface.

4. Wave-Cut Platform: At the base of the cliffs, a wave-cut platform may be observed, which is flattened by the continuous wave action.

5. Impact of Weathering: Chemical weathering also plays a role in the erosion process, particularly as rainwater and features like saltwater contribute further to the weakening of the rock.

6. Sea Stacks and Blowholes: Features like sea stacks that may form as a result of erosion highlight the dynamic nature of coastal landscapes.

7. Tourism and Preservation: The Cliffs of Moher are a significant tourist attraction, necessitating conservation efforts to protect the environment from over-tourism.

8. Ecological Importance: The cliffs support nesting birds and unique plant species, contributing to biodiversity in the region.

9. Cultural Significance: The cliffs have appeared in various films and are part of local folklore, enhancing their cultural importance.

10. Research and Observation: Ongoing geological studies at the site provide important data regarding coastal erosion and climate change impacts on such landscapes.