Explain, with the aid of diagrams, the formation of any two landforms - Leaving Cert Geography - Question i - 2019

Delta Formation

A delta forms at the mouth of a river, where it meets a body of water like a sea or lake. The river transports sediment from upstream, and as it slows down upon entering the standing water, it deposits this sediment, leading to the buildup of land.

Diagram of Delta Formation

1. Erosion: The river erodes soil and rocks along its course.
2. Transportation: Sediment is carried downstream.
3. Deposition: Upon entering the lake or ocean, the water slows, causing sediment to settle.
4. Formation: Over time, the accumulated sediment forms a delta.

V-Shaped Valley Formation

A v-shaped valley is typically formed by river erosion over a long period. The river carves through the landscape, creating a narrow, steep-sided valley.

Diagram of V-Shaped Valley Formation

1. Initial Erosion: The river flows over terrain, eroding the soil and rocks.
2. Downcutting: The force of the flowing water erodes vertically into the landscape, deepening the valley.
3. Weathering: The sides of the valley are weathered and shaped by the action of rain and landslides.
4. Final Shape: The result is a distinct v-shape with steep sides formed by the continuous erosion process.