Describe and explain how humans attempt to control one of the following surface processes: - River processes - Sea processes - Mass movement. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question Question 1 - 2011

Humans attempt to control river processes primarily through physical infrastructures such as dams, levees, and flood control systems.

By managing the flow of rivers, these structures can prevent flooding in urban areas, maintain water levels for irrigation, and provide recreational opportunities.

Explanation of River Control Methods

1. Dams: Dams are constructed to hold back and regulate river water. They serve multiple purposes, including hydropower generation, irrigation support, and creating reservoirs for water supply. While dams help prevent downstream flooding, they may disrupt local ecosystems.

2. Levees: Levees are earthen embankments built along riverbanks to contain floodwaters. By increasing the height of the banks, levees mitigate the risk of flooding in adjacent areas, thus protecting homes and farmland. However, if levees fail or are overwhelmed, the consequences can be severe.

3. Channelization: This process involves modifying the river channel to enhance flow efficiency and reduce flood risk. Channelization can include widening, deepening, or straightening river courses. While it may provide short-term flood control, it can result in habitat loss and increased erosion.

4. Floodplain Restoration: In some regions, efforts are being made to restore natural floodplains. By reconnecting rivers with their floodplains, the natural absorption and filtration of water can be improved, thus reducing flood risks over time.

5. Flood Management Policies: Apart from physical controls, establishing policies and flood management plans can guide land use and construction practices in flood-prone areas, further mitigating risks.

These methods, while effective in some aspects, entail various environmental and social implications, warranting careful consideration and management.