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Why was France unstable during the period, 1920-1940? - Leaving Cert History - Question 1 - 2009
Question 1
Why was France unstable during the period, 1920-1940?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Why was France unstable during the period, 1920-1940? - Leaving Cert History - Question 1 - 2009
Step 1
Political Instability
Answer
France experienced significant political instability during this period due to frequent changes in government. Between 1920 and 1940, the country saw numerous cabinets that struggled to maintain a consistent policy direction. The political landscape was fragmented, with multiple parties, including the Socialists, Radicals, and various right-wing factions, often failing to form stable coalitions. This instability undermined the government's ability to address pressing social and economic issues.
Step 2
Economic Challenges
Answer
The interwar period posed severe economic challenges for France, including the impact of World War I. France faced heavy debts and reparations, hampering its economic recovery. The Great Depression further exacerbated these issues, leading to high unemployment rates, strikes, and social unrest. Economic disparities between urban and rural areas also fueled discontent.
Step 3
Rise of Extremism
Answer
The political and economic crises contributed to the rise of extremist movements, including fascism and communism. These movements capitalized on public discontent, promoting radical solutions that threatened democratic institutions. The fear of communism, in particular, led to a conservative backlash, pushing many citizens towards authoritarian ideologies.
Step 4
Social Unrest
Answer
France experienced widespread social unrest, characterized by strikes and protests from various labor groups. The inability of the government to manage these strikes led to further dissatisfaction among the populace. In addition, the Frente Popular (Popular Front) government, which came to power in 1936, was unable to fulfill its promises of social reform, leading to disillusionment among its supporters.