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Why was the US the main destination of Irish emigrants and why was there anti-Irish sentiment there between the Famine and World War I? - Leaving Cert History - Question 2 - 2010
Question 2
Why was the US the main destination of Irish emigrants and why was there anti-Irish sentiment there between the Famine and World War I?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Why was the US the main destination of Irish emigrants and why was there anti-Irish sentiment there between the Famine and World War I? - Leaving Cert History - Question 2 - 2010
Step 1
Why was the US the main destination of Irish emigrants?
Answer
The United States became the primary destination for Irish emigrants primarily due to the Great Famine of the 1840s, which had a catastrophic impact on Ireland's population and economy. Many Irish people sought escape from starvation and economic hardships. The promise of job opportunities, particularly in industries like construction, manufacturing, and agriculture, attracted countless Irish immigrants. Furthermore, the relatively easier immigration process compared to other countries made the US more accessible.
Social networks also played a crucial role, as established Irish communities in cities like New York and Boston provided support for newcomers. Consequently, the US became synonymous with opportunity, freedom, and hope for a better life.
Step 2
Why was there anti-Irish sentiment in the US between the Famine and World War I?
Answer
Anti-Irish sentiment in the US from the Famine until World War I stemmed from several factors. The arrival of large numbers of Irish immigrants, largely poor and Catholic, led to fears of cultural and economic competition among native-born Americans, particularly Protestants. The Irish were often stereotyped as uneducated and prone to crime, leading to widespread discrimination and social ostracism.
Additionally, the political landscape played a role. As Irish immigrants began to gain political power, particularly in urban areas, they were viewed with suspicion by those who felt threatened by their influence. Nativist movements emerged, advocating for the interests of indigenous Americans and often targeting Irish immigrants, culminating in violence and exclusionary practices.