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‘There were 53,200 males and 32,400 females unemployed in the second quarter of 2005.’ (The Central Statistics Office 2005) - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 3 - 2006
Question 3
‘There were 53,200 males and 32,400 females unemployed in the second quarter of 2005.’ (The Central Statistics Office 2005). (i) Why, in your opinion, are the... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:‘There were 53,200 males and 32,400 females unemployed in the second quarter of 2005.’ (The Central Statistics Office 2005) - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 3 - 2006
Step 1
Why, in your opinion, are there more males than females unemployed in 2005?
Answer
In 2005, the discrepancy in unemployment rates between males and females can be attributed to several social and economic factors:
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Childcare Responsibilities: Traditionally, women may have been more likely to take on childcare responsibilities, limiting their availability for full-time employment. As a result, more males than females might have been available for the labor market.
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Part-Time Work Opportunities: Women are often more willing to accept part-time work to balance family obligations, which may result in higher male unemployment figures since they are more likely to seek full-time positions.
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Technological Advancements: The shift towards automation and technology in businesses could have disproportionately affected male-dominated industries, leading to higher male unemployment. As companies integrate new systems, a preference for adaptable, skilled labor often results in downsizing for positions less aligned with emerging technology.
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Economic Incentives: Historically, male-dominated sectors may have faced job losses due to economic shifts. In such cases, lower wage incentives can discourage men from returning to work, leading to higher unemployment numbers among men.
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Market Competition: The influx of imported goods can impact local employment, favoring positions typically taken by males due to the nature of those jobs, thus exacerbating male unemployment.
These factors, interlinked with social dynamics, help explain why males experienced higher unemployment than females in 2005.
Step 2
Define unemployment.
Answer
Unemployment refers to the state where individuals who are capable of working and are actively seeking work are unable to find employment. It primarily occurs when the available labor supply exceeds the demand for jobs in the market. Unemployment can lead to adverse effects on both the economy and the individual, contributing to social and financial instability.
Step 3
Discuss the effects of unemployment on:
Answer
(i) the individual
Unemployment has significant ramifications for individuals, including:
- Loss of Income: This creates financial strain and insecurity.
- Erosion of Self-Esteem: The inability to secure employment can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-worth.
- Health Issues: Unemployment is often correlated with mental health issues, including depression and anxiety, and can also exacerbate physical health problems.
- Social Isolation: Unemployed individuals may feel disconnected from social circles, leading to increased isolation.
(ii) the family
The effects on the family unit can include:
- Decline in Living Standards: Families may experience a reduced quality of life due to financial instability.
- Increased Poverty: This can lead to malnutrition, limited educational opportunities for children, and overall family stress.
- Strain on Relationships: Unemployment can create tension within families, as financial stress takes its toll on interpersonal dynamics.
- Uncertainty in Financial Security: Families face increased worry over maintaining their livelihoods.
(iii) society
Unemployment impacts society in various ways, such as:
- Economic Consequences: Higher unemployment levels can reduce economic productivity and growth.
- Social Discontent: Unemployment can lead to increased crime rates and social unrest.
- Impact on Public Services: A rise in unemployment increases the demand for social welfare programs, placing added strain on public resources.
- Negative Role Models: For younger generations, observing adults struggling to find work can foster a mindset of resignation towards employment.
- Dependence on Welfare: Longer-term unemployment can lead individuals to rely on governmental assistance, further impacting societal norms.
Step 4
Name and give details of one government scheme that helps create employment.
Answer
One government scheme designed to create employment is the FÁS (National Training and Employment Authority) in Ireland. This program includes several initiatives aimed at reducing unemployment:
- Training Programs: FÁS offers various vocational training programs, helping job seekers acquire relevant skills to meet industry demands and improve their employment prospects.
- Job Placement Services: The authority assists in matching job seekers with job openings, facilitating easier transitions into the workforce.
- Supportive Services: FÁS provides support for industries, such as grants and incentives for businesses that create jobs and contribute to workforce development.
- Long-Term Unemployment Measures: Specific initiatives focus on assisting individuals who have been unemployed for extended periods, providing tailored programs to reintegrate them into the workforce.