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'Almost 1.5 billion adults around the world are not getting enough exercise.' (Irish Times, 2018) a) Discuss four factors that determine a person’s energy requirements - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 2 - 2019
Question 2
'Almost 1.5 billion adults around the world are not getting enough exercise.' (Irish Times, 2018) a) Discuss four factors that determine a person’s energy requireme... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'Almost 1.5 billion adults around the world are not getting enough exercise.' (Irish Times, 2018) a) Discuss four factors that determine a person’s energy requirements - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 2 - 2019
Step 1
Discuss four factors that determine a person’s energy requirements.
Answer
Energy requirements are influenced by various factors:
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Age: Younger individuals generally require more energy due to growth and development, while older adults may need less energy as metabolism slows.
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Sex: Men typically have higher energy needs than women because they often have more muscle mass.
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Activity Level: Individuals who are more physically active need more energy to support their activity levels, whereas sedentary individuals require less.
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Body Size: Larger people often require more energy than smaller individuals, as energy needs are proportional to body mass.
Step 2
Having regard to current healthy eating guidelines, set out a menu (3 meals) for one day for a teenager who plays sport.
Answer
Here is a balanced menu suitable for a sporty teenager:
Breakfast:
- Mixed fresh fruit & raspberry yogurt
- Porridge with full fat milk
- Poached eggs/wholemeal toast
- Tea/coffe/water
Lunch:
- Tuna and pasta salad
- Mixed nuts
- Water
Dinner:
- Vegetable soup & brown bread
- Chicken curry & brown rice
- Apple & blackberry crumble with natural yogurt/Milk/water
Step 3
outline the importance of balancing energy intake and energy output
Answer
Balancing energy intake and output is crucial for maintaining a healthy weight. This involves consuming the right amount of calories to match the energy expended through physical activities and bodily functions. An imbalance can lead to weight gain if intake exceeds output, whereas consuming less can result in weight loss. This balance also supports metabolic health and overall energy levels.
Step 4
explain basal metabolic rate (BMR).
Answer
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) refers to the number of calories required to keep your body functioning at rest. It is influenced by several factors, including age, sex, genetic predisposition, and body composition. BMR accounts for the majority of daily calorie expenditure, making it a critical factor in weight management and energy balance.