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For most consumers, milk and dairy products form a significant part of a well balanced diet - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 2 - 2014
Question 2
For most consumers, milk and dairy products form a significant part of a well balanced diet. (a) Give an account of the nutritive value and the dietetic value of mi... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:For most consumers, milk and dairy products form a significant part of a well balanced diet - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 2 - 2014
Step 1
Give an account of the nutritive value and the dietetic value of milk.
Answer
The nutritive value of milk can be understood through its rich composition. Milk is an excellent source of:
- Proteins: Milk is a complete protein source, providing essential amino acids necessary for growth and repair.
- Fats: It contains saturated fats, which are important for energy but should be consumed in moderation due to their caloric density. Whole milk has approximately 3.5% to 4% fat.
- Carbohydrates: Milk contains lactose, a natural sugar that serves as an energy source.
- Vitamins: It is rich in essential vitamins such as Vitamin A (necessary for vision and immune function) and B vitamins (like B12 for nerve function).
- Minerals: Milk is an excellent source of calcium, which is crucial for bone health. It also contains phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, and selenium.
The dietetic value of milk lies in its versatility and its role in a balanced diet. It can help achieve dietary goals like:
- Maintaining healthy weight by providing satiation.
- Supporting muscle health and recovery through protein content.
- Contributing to daily calcium and vitamin intake.
- Being suitable for many culinary uses, from beverages to sauces, enhancing nutrient density in meals.
Step 2
Explain the difference between whole milk, skimmed milk and fortified milk.
Answer
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Whole Milk: Whole milk contains approximately 3.5% to 4% fat and is unaltered in its composition. It is pasteurized for safety and is the most commonly used type of milk.
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Skimmed Milk: Skimmed milk has had most of its fat removed, typically reducing fat content to around 0.1% to 0.4%. This alteration makes it a suitable option for those looking to lower fat intake but can also result in lower levels of fat-soluble vitamins A and D.
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Fortified Milk: Fortified milk can be either whole or skimmed but is enriched with additional nutrients, such as vitamins D, A, folic acid, and minerals like calcium and protein. It helps users meet their dietary needs more effectively, especially for nutrients that may be lacking in their daily diet.
Step 3
Having regard to current healthy eating guidelines, and the need for teenage girls to increase their intake of calcium, plan a menu (3 meals) for one day for a teenage girl.
Answer
Here is a balanced menu for one day:
Breakfast:
- Orange Juice
- Wheatbix and Milk
- Scrambled Egg on Toast
- Tea/Coffee/Milk/Water
Lunch:
- Tuna and Roll
- Strawberry Yoghurt
- Water/Tea/Coffee
Dinner:
- Goats Cheese Bruschetta
- Chicken Stir Fry and Rice
- Chocolate Roulade
- Water/Coffee/Tea
This menu incorporates meal options that are rich in calcium and nutrients suitable for a teenage girl, promoting healthy growth and development.