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Shown below in the table is the cost (£) and percentage (%) of the weekly social welfare allowance required to purchase the foods necessary for healthy eating for households using three different grocery store outlets - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 1 - 2014
Question 1
Shown below in the table is the cost (£) and percentage (%) of the weekly social welfare allowance required to purchase the foods necessary for healthy eating for ho... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Shown below in the table is the cost (£) and percentage (%) of the weekly social welfare allowance required to purchase the foods necessary for healthy eating for households using three different grocery store outlets - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 1 - 2014
Step 1
Evaluate shopping in the three grocery outlets referred to in the chart above.
Answer
When evaluating shopping options among the three outlets—Multiple supermarket, Low cost shop, and Local shop—there are several factors to consider:
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Cost Effectiveness: The Local shop has the highest total cost (£255.40), which represents 56% of the weekly social welfare allowance. In contrast, the Multiple supermarket and Low cost shop offer lower total costs (£132.40 and £114.80 respectively), making them more economical options.
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Convenience: Multiple supermarkets often provide a one-stop-shop experience, saving time and travel costs. They may carry a wider variety of products, which is appealing for busy households.
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Brand Loyalty: Some consumers may prefer shopping at specific stores due to past experiences or perceived quality. This loyalty may affect their choice irrespective of cost.
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Customer Loyalty Programs: Supermarkets often have loyalty programs that provide savings on future purchases, which can incentivize shopping there despite potentially higher prices.
Each outlet has its pros and cons based on what households prioritize—cost, convenience, or variety.
Step 2
Apart from family size, give three reasons for the variation in the percentage of income spent on food each week.
Answer
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Age: Younger individuals require more energy; dietary needs change with age, necessitating differing expenditure on food. For example, children and teenagers have higher caloric needs compared to older adults.
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Nutritional Knowledge: Households with higher nutritional awareness may opt for healthier, often more expensive food options, leading to a higher percentage of income spent on food.
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Income Level: The overall income of the household directly impacts spending habits. Families with lower incomes may spend a higher percentage of their income on food to meet basic needs, impacting their budget allocations.
Step 3
Recommend a variety of low-cost protein foods and state how each can be incorporated into a healthy eating plan.
Answer
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Eggs: Versatile and affordable, eggs can be used for breakfast, in salads, or in baked dishes, providing essential nutrients.
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Beans and Lentils: High in protein and fiber, these can be added to soups, stews, or salads, and can serve as meat alternatives in many dishes.
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Peanut Butter: A cost-effective protein source that can be spread on whole grain bread or used in smoothies, maintaining satiety and energy levels.
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Canned Fish (e.g., tuna, sardines): Affordable and long-lasting, can be used in salads, sandwiches, or pasta dishes to enhance the protein content of meals.
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Chicken Thighs: Often cheaper than breasts, thighs can be roasted, grilled, or used in stir-fries to create filling meals.
Step 4
Give a detailed account of protein and refer to: classification (simple and conjugated)
Answer
Classification of Protein
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Simple Proteins: These are made of amino acids and can be classified further into:
- Fibrous Proteins: Structural proteins like collagen and elastin found in connective tissues.
- Globular Proteins: Proteins like enzymes and antibodies that are more soluble in water, such as myoglobin and lactalbumin.
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Conjugated Proteins: These contain additional chemical groups besides amino acids. For example:
- Lipoproteins: Combine lipids and proteins and are crucial for transport in the bloodstream.
- Glycoproteins: Protein with carbohydrate groups attached, often involved in cell recognition and signaling.
Supplementary Value / Complementary Role
Protein can work together in dishes to provide all essential amino acids. For example, beans and rice combined offer a complete amino acid profile.
Structure
- Primary Structure: The sequence of amino acids linked via peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain.
- Secondary Structure: Refers to the coiling or folding of the polypeptide chain into structures such as alpha helices or beta-pleated sheets.
- Tertiary Structure: The overall 3D shape of the protein, formed by the interactions of side chains, which can impact functionality.