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'It is anticipated that the prevalence of diabetes in Ireland will increase to 278,000 by 2030.' (Changing Lives 2016 – 2020, Diabetes Ireland) (i) In relation to diabetes, give an account of: • types of diabetes • dietary requirements that should be followed for individuals with diabetes - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 4(b) - 2021
Question 4(b)
'It is anticipated that the prevalence of diabetes in Ireland will increase to 278,000 by 2030.' (Changing Lives 2016 – 2020, Diabetes Ireland) (i) In relation ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'It is anticipated that the prevalence of diabetes in Ireland will increase to 278,000 by 2030.' (Changing Lives 2016 – 2020, Diabetes Ireland) (i) In relation to diabetes, give an account of: • types of diabetes • dietary requirements that should be followed for individuals with diabetes - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 4(b) - 2021
Step 1
In relation to diabetes, give an account of types of diabetes
Answer
There are mainly three types of diabetes:
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Type 1 Diabetes: This type is usually diagnosed in children and young adults. It occurs when the body does not produce insulin due to the destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Individuals with Type 1 diabetes require daily administration of insulin to manage their blood sugar levels.
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Type 2 Diabetes: This type typically develops in adults and is characterized by insulin resistance. The body either does not use insulin effectively, or insufficient insulin is produced. Risk factors include obesity, age, and lifestyle choices. Individuals with Type 2 diabetes often have higher body weight and are usually initially managed through dietary changes and physical activity.
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Gestational Diabetes: This type occurs during pregnancy and is characterized by high blood sugar levels that may develop in women who did not have diabetes prior to becoming pregnant. It often resolves after childbirth but increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later on.
Step 2
In relation to diabetes, give an account of dietary requirements that should be followed for individuals with diabetes
Answer
Dietary requirements for individuals with diabetes focus on managing blood sugar levels effectively. Recommendations include:
- Eating Regularly: Consuming three balanced meals a day helps to stabilize blood sugar levels.
- Low Glycemic Index (GI) Foods: Prefer low GI foods that release glucose slowly into the bloodstream, such as whole grains, legumes, and most fruits and vegetables.
- Limiting Sugar and Refined Carbohydrates: Reducing intake of sugary foods and beverages, and opting for complex carbohydrates instead.
- Monitoring Portion Sizes: Being mindful of carbohydrate portions to avoid spikes in blood sugar.
- Incorporating Fiber: High-fiber foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can help manage blood sugar levels and enhance satiety.
Step 3
Outline the uses of sweeteners in food production
Answer
Sweeteners serve various purposes in food production, including:
- Flavor Enhancement: Sweeteners are used to improve the palatability of foods, enhancing flavors that might otherwise be masked.
- Preservation: Certain sweeteners, such as sugar, help in the preservation of food by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, making them ideal for products like jams and jellies.
- Caloric Reduction: Artificial sweeteners are often used as substitutes for sugar in low-calorie or diet foods, allowing consumers to enjoy sweet flavors without the high caloric content.
- Baking Aid: Sweeteners not only contribute sweetness but also affect texture and browning in baked goods.
- Bulk and Texture Improvement: Sweeteners can add bulk to products, influencing the texture and mouthfeel of food items, from soft drinks to dessert foods.