What is meant by nuclear fission? - Leaving Cert Physics - Question 1 - 2022

Nuclear fission refers to the process of splitting a large atomic nucleus into smaller parts. This is typically initiated by the absorption of a neutron into the nucleus, leading to a nuclear chain reaction. During this process, a significant amount of energy is released due to the conversion of mass into energy, as described by Einstein's equation $E=mc^2$. The energy released can be harnessed for various applications, including nuclear power generation and weaponry.