Read the following passage and answer the accompanying questions - Leaving Cert Physics - Question 11 - 2005
Question 11
Read the following passage and answer the accompanying questions.
There are different forms of energy. Fuels such as coal, oil and wood contain chemical energy. W... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read the following passage and answer the accompanying questions - Leaving Cert Physics - Question 11 - 2005
Step 1
Define energy.
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Answer
Energy is the ability to do work. In physics, it is often defined through the equation relating to the work-energy principle, which states that energy can transform but cannot be created or destroyed.
Step 2
What energy conversion takes place when a fuel is burnt?
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Answer
When a fuel is burnt, the chemical energy stored in the fuel is converted into heat and light energy.
Step 3
Name one method of producing electricity.
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Answer
One method of producing electricity is through solar power, which converts sunlight into electrical energy using solar panels.
Step 4
Give one factor on which the potential energy of a body depends.
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Answer
The potential energy of a body depends on its height above a reference point, specifically given by the formula:
extPotentialEnergy(PE)=mimesgimesh
where:
m = mass of the body,
g = acceleration due to gravity,
h = height above the reference point.
Step 5
What type of energy is associated with wind, waves and moving water?
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Answer
The type of energy associated with wind, waves, and moving water is kinetic energy, as it is the energy of motion.
Step 6
Give one disadvantage of non-renewable energy sources.
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Answer
One disadvantage of non-renewable energy sources is that they contribute to environmental pollution and climate change, as their extraction and use can release harmful emissions.
Step 7
How does the sun produce heat and light?
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Answer
The sun produces heat and light through the process of nuclear fusion occurring in its core. During this process, hydrogen nuclei combine to form helium, releasing vast amounts of energy in the form of heat and light, which travels to Earth.
Step 8
In Einstein's equation E = mc², what does c represent?
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Answer
In Einstein's equation E = mc², c represents the speed of light in a vacuum, approximately equal to 3 x 10^8 meters per second. It signifies that energy (E) and mass (m) are interchangeable and related by the square of the speed of light.
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