Introduction to Nutrients

Nutrients

What are nutrients?

• Nutrients are substances in food that the body needs to grow, repair itself, and function properly.
• Food contains six constituents, five of which are nutrients: Protein

Fat

Carbohydrates

Minerals

Vitamins

Water (not a nutrient but essential for survival)

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Classification of Nutrients

Nutrients are divided into two groups:

1. Macronutrients:

• Needed in large amounts and must be digested.
• Include:
• Protein
• Fat
• Carbohydrates
• Measured in grams (g).

2. Micronutrients:

• Needed in small amounts and do not need digestion.
• Include
• Minerals
• Vitamins
• Measured in milligrams (mg) or micrograms (µg).

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Importance of Nutrients

• Some foods, like eggs, contain multiple nutrients and are very nutritious.
• Others, like butter, provide only one nutrient (fat) and should be consumed sparingly.
• No single food contains all the nutrients the body needs, so eating a varied diet is essential for good health.