3.1 Land is the most important production factor - NSC Agricultural Sciences - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 2
Question 3
3.1 Land is the most important production factor.
3.1.1 Name TWO economic characteristics of land.
3.1.2 Suggest TWO measures to improve the productivity of land.
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:3.1 Land is the most important production factor - NSC Agricultural Sciences - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 2
Step 1
3.1.1 Name TWO economic characteristics of land.
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Production potential varies: The ability of land to produce different yields based on its type and management practices can vary.
Land is fixed: Land availability is limited, as it cannot be created anew, which restricts real estate options.
Step 2
3.1.2 Suggest TWO measures to improve the productivity of land.
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Adapt to scientific methods: Implement precision farming techniques to optimize inputs such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides.
Change cropping practices: Rotate crops to enhance soil fertility and reduce pest populations.
Step 3
3.1.3 Indicate TWO functions of land as a production factor.
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Source of food: Land provides the necessary space and resources to cultivate food crops and raise livestock.
Source of raw materials: Land can produce various raw materials needed for various industries.
Step 4
3.2.1 Name the labour legislation that regulates EACH of the following: (a) Ensures that the farm worker using the machinery in PICTURE A is safe.
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Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993): This act ensures that the work environment meets safety standards.
Step 5
3.2.1 (b) Allows for the protest action of the farm workers in PICTURE B.
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Labour Relations Act (66 of 1995): This act outlines the rights of workers to engage in protest actions.
Step 6
3.2.1 (c) Protects the farm worker using the machinery in PICTURE A if he/she is injured while on duty.
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Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act (130 of 1993): This act provides protection and compensation for workers who are injured on duty.
Step 7
3.2.1 (d) The farm worker using the machinery in PICTURE A is working within the scope of his/her duties.
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Basic Conditions of Employment Act (75 of 1997): This act ensures that workers are working according to their employment contracts.
Step 8
3.2.2 Identify the type of farm worker who has been operating the machinery in PICTURE A for 20 years.
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The farm worker is a permanent/fulltime worker.
Step 9
3.2.3 Suggest TWO labour issues that might have led to the protest actions of farm workers in PICTURE B.
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Poor working conditions: Workers may be protesting against unsafe or unsatisfactory work environments.
Failure to adhere to legislation: The farm may not be complying with employment laws, leading workers to protest.
Step 10
3.2.4 Indicate TWO measures the farmer can take to address the labour issues in QUESTION 3.2.3.
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Provide better working conditions: The farmer should ensure a safe and healthy work environment for all workers.
Improve communication: Establish open lines of communication to address worker concerns promptly.
Step 11
3.3.1 Identify an example of a capital item in the scenario above which is categorised as follows: (a) Movable capital.
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Tractor: This is a movable asset that can be driven to different locations on the farm.
Step 12
3.3.1 (b) Working capital.
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Pesticides/fertilizers/seeds: These are consumables used in the production process.
Step 13
3.3.1 (c) Fixed capital.
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Land/borehole: This represents a permanent investment that is necessary for farming.
Step 14
3.3.2 Name TWO sources of capital used by the family in the scenario above.
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Loan: The family took out a loan of R280,000 from the bank to fund their operations.
Pension package pay-out: They invested R1,189,000 from their pension.
Step 15
3.3.3 Calculate the total value of the assets of this farming enterprise.
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Total value of assets = R1,189,000 (pension) + R280,000 (loan) = R1,469,000.
Step 16
3.3.4 In the scenario above, deduce TWO problems associated with capital as a production factor.
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Insufficient capital: The family may struggle to cover all operational costs due to insufficient funding.
High-interest repayments: The loan could lead to financial strain from high interest rates.
Step 17
3.4.1 Rearrange the steps above in the CORRECT sequence.
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B, D, C, A
Step 18
3.4.2 Give TWO factors which influence effective decision making.
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Speed of decision-making: Quick decisions can capitalize on immediate opportunities.
Degree of accuracy: Accurate information leads to more effective solutions.
Step 19
3.5.1 Identify the risk management strategy shown in the picture above.
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The risk management strategy is diversification of farm operations.
Step 20
3.5.2 Justify the answer to QUESTION 3.5.1.
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Diversification reduces the dependency on a single crop or operation, thereby minimizing risk exposure.
Step 21
3.5.3 Name the management skill that has enabled the farmer to decide on the strategy in QUESTION 3.5.1 in advance.
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Planning has allowed the farmer to anticipate potential risks and respond accordingly.
Step 22
3.5.4 Give TWO examples of production risks that can directly affect the operations of the farming enterprise.
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Drought and flooding: Severe weather events can disrupt crop yields.
Pest infestation: Pests can destroy crops and impact production.
