Complete the table below regarding different irrigation systems - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 6 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 6
Complete the table below regarding different irrigation systems. Write only the answer next to the question numbers (6.1.1 to 6.1.4).
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:Complete the table below regarding different irrigation systems - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 6 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
6.1.1 Centre pivot
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Answer
Centre pivot irrigation consists of several segments of pipe joined together and supported by trusses. It features wheeled towers with sprinklers positioned along its length, permanently fixed to a central point.
Step 2
6.1.2 PVC pipes
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PVC pipes with plastic or brass sprinklers can be used to distribute water evenly across fields and gardens, ensuring optimal irrigation.
Step 3
6.1.3 Sprinkler
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Sprinklers are designed to irrigate smaller areas like farms, parks, and pastures, providing a uniform water distribution.
Step 4
6.1.4 Lateral wheel
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A lateral wheel irrigation system comprises a series of pipes, each equipped with a wheel approximately 1.5 m in diameter. Sprinklers run along its length, powered by an engine located in the middle, ensuring effective water distribution.
Step 5
6.2 State FOUR disadvantages of flood irrigation.
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When water supply is weak, flood irrigation is impractical.
Surface gradients can lead to increased erosion.
The infiltration rate can be inconsistent.
It increases salinity in the soil, affecting crop growth.
Step 6
6.3 The function of EACH of the following parts of an irrigation system.
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3.1 Sand filter: Prevents blockage of sprinkler nozzles.
3.2 Sprinkler: Provides water to plants.
3.3 Pump: Delivers water to the irrigation system.
3.4 Solenoid valve: Controls the water flow through the system.
3.5 One way valve: Prevents backflow in the irrigation pipe.
Step 7
6.4.1 Name devices A and B above.
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A: Tensiometer.
B: Evaporation pan (Class A pan).
Step 8
6.4.2 What is the main purpose of the devices shown above?
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To determine the water evaporation rate in a specific field, helping manage irrigation schedules effectively.
Step 9
6.5 Name TWO devices that are used to control garden watering systems.
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Electronic irrigation timer.
Mechanical timer.
Step 10
6.6 Describe the operation of a septic tank drainage system.
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A septic tank system operates by breaking down sewage through anaerobic bacteria in the first tank. Minimal solids remain as water moves to the second tank. The liquid sewage then drains into a trench or outlet pipe.
Step 11
6.7 Name THREE points to consider when identifying a suitable location for installing a septic tank.
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Avoid areas near boreholes and drinking water installations.
Ensure a sufficient distance from the house.
Steer clear of high traffic zones and locations where people wash regularly.
Step 12
6.8 Describe the operation of a pipe drainage system.
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Water drains through the surface gravel and seeps into the pipe's perforations before traveling out to an area that can accommodate the excess water.
Step 13
6.9 Name THREE types of water purification systems that make use of a membrane to purify household water.
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