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5.1.1 Name and explain THREE factors that have an influence on the depth control system of a tractor - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 5 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 5
5.1.1 Name and explain THREE factors that have an influence on the depth control system of a tractor. 5.1.2 State THREE items on a tractor that the driver must insp... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:5.1.1 Name and explain THREE factors that have an influence on the depth control system of a tractor - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 5 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Name and explain THREE factors that have an influence on the depth control system of a tractor.
Answer
Factors influencing the depth control system of a tractor include:
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Soil Resistance: The type of soil can significantly affect how deeply the plough can operate. On sandy soils, the plough will penetrate deeper, while in hard soils, penetration is more difficult.
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Ploughing Speed: The speed at which the tractor operates also impacts depth control. At high speeds, the plough may not dig deep enough, leading to ineffective tillage.
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Ploughing Depth Settings: The initial settings for ploughing depth determine how effectively the tractor can manage different depths. Adjustments need to match the soil conditions for optimal performance.
Step 2
State THREE items on a tractor that the driver must inspect before starting the tractor.
Answer
The driver should inspect the following items:
- Fuel Level: Ensuring adequate fuel prevents interruptions in operation.
- Water Level: Checking coolant levels is essential for preventing overheating during operation.
- Tyre Pressure: Proper tyre pressure is necessary for safe and efficient tractor performance.
Step 3
Describe FIVE advantages of modern combine harvesters over manual harvesting methods.
Answer
Advantages of modern combine harvesters include:
- Efficiency: Combine harvesters can harvest crops much faster than manual methods, saving considerable time.
- Labor Savings: They significantly reduce the need for manual labor, freeing workers for other tasks.
- Reliability: Modern machines are designed for dependable performance under various weather and crop conditions.
- Precision: Harvesters can cut crops at the right height and process them simultaneously, reducing waste.
- Data Collection: Many combines now include technology for tracking yields and other metrics, enabling better farm management.
Step 4
Name FOUR requirements that safety screens on farm machinery must comply with.
Answer
Safety screens must:
- Safeguard Equipment: Prevent entry of foreign objects to protect machinery.
- Safeguard Operator: Ensure the safety of the operator by reducing exposure to hazards.
- Weight Considerations: Must be lightweight to avoid additional strain on machinery without compromising safety.
- Easily Removable: Should allow for maintenance or replacement without extensive labor.
Step 5
Step 6
State THREE functions of the slip clutch found in the drive mechanism of a baler.
Answer
Functions of the slip clutch include:
- Protecting Against Overload: It prevents damage by allowing the drive mechanism to slip and disengage under excessive load.
- Preventing Object Damage: It stops heavy objects from getting jammed within the baler, preserving crop quality.
- Ensuring Smooth Operation: By absorbing shocks, it allows for smoother operation of the baler under variable conditions.
Step 7
Step 8
State FIVE factors that must be taken into consideration when planning the purchase of a new tractor.
Answer
Key factors include:
- Driving Power: Ensuring the tractor has the necessary horsepower for intended tasks.
- Local Availability of Parts and Service: Consideration for maintenance ease based on local resources.
- Cost/Price of the Tractor: Assessing budget constraints is essential.
- Rigidity of Construction: Durability during operation should be evaluated to ensure longevity.
- Versatility: The adaptability of the tractor for various functions and implements is important.
Step 9
Complete the table by comparing V-belts and flat belts under the headings that are given.
Answer
| Headings | V-Belt | Flat Belt |
|---|---|---|
| Ease of installation | Easy to install | Difficult to install |
| Use over long distances | Used over long distances | Can run over long distances |
| Lengthened or shortened | Length cannot be changed | Easily lengthened and shortened |
| Slip under tension | Do not easily slip | Pulleys do slip |
Step 10
Discuss in detail the effect that the presence of air has on the working of a hydraulic system.
Answer
The presence of air in a hydraulic system can result in several critical issues:
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Compressibility: Air is compressible, which can lead to a decrease in hydraulic efficiency. When air is introduced, it can cause the system to react sluggishly, affecting the application of force.
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Pressure Fluctuations: Air within the hydraulic fluid can lead to fluctuations in pressure. This instability can damage hydraulic components and reduce the reliability of the system.
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Cavitation: When the pressure drops significantly due to air presence, cavitation can occur, where vapor bubbles form and collapse violently. This can damage pumps and other components due to shock waves.
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System Shock: Sudden movements can cause the trapped air to compress suddenly, leading to system shock which may impact the performance of hydraulic actuators.
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Overall System Efficiency: Ultimately, air contamination can significantly reduce the operational efficiency of hydraulic machinery, leading to increased wear and potential breakdown.