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6.1 Name FOUR important factors that must be considered before deciding on a relevant irrigation method - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 6 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 6
6.1 Name FOUR important factors that must be considered before deciding on a relevant irrigation method. 6.2 What are the main goals with irrigation scheduling? 6.... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:6.1 Name FOUR important factors that must be considered before deciding on a relevant irrigation method - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 6 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Name FOUR important factors that must be considered before deciding on a relevant irrigation method.
Answer
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Type of crop that must be irrigated: Different crops have varying water requirements and responses to irrigation methods.
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Determine the amount of water that is available: Understanding the water source capacity is crucial for effective irrigation planning.
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Type of irrigation system: The selection between systems such as drip, sprinkler, or surface irrigation affects water distribution efficiency.
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Type of pump: The suitability of the pump type for the water source and terrain impacts overall irrigation performance.
Step 2
What are the main goals with irrigation scheduling?
Answer
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To apply adequate water to the root zone of the plant: Proper scheduling ensures that the plants receive the necessary moisture for optimal growth.
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Prevent overwatering: Effective scheduling avoids excess water application, which can lead to root problems and water wastage.
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Allow the soil to dry out in between watering: Managing soil moisture levels is critical to promoting healthy root development and preventing diseases.
Step 3
Identify TWO structural problems on the sprinkler shown below that can negatively influence efficiency.
Answer
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The springs can lose tension or break, which may result in inconsistent water flow and coverage.
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The nozzles can become blocked, leading to uneven watering and areas of drought within the irrigated zone.
Step 4
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Step 7
Give THREE reasons why it is essential for a farmer to know how to determine the flow rate in a water pipe delivery system.
Answer
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For correct calibration of the sprayers: Knowing the flow rate helps in adjusting sprayer settings for effective irrigation.
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For effective scheduling of irrigation: Understanding the flow rate allows farmers to schedule watering efficiently according to crop needs.
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To prevent over-utilisation of the water source: Monitoring flow rates safeguards against excessive extraction, contributing to sustainability.
Step 8
Name THREE advantages of centre-pivot irrigation systems.
Answer
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No labour needed to shift the pipes/system: Automation of the irrigation process reduces labor costs.
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One-man operation: A single operator can manage the entire irrigation system, enhancing efficiency.
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Automated watering system/scheduling: This ensures precise application of water, improving crop yields and conserving resources.
Step 9
Which THREE elements are built into the design of a centre-pivot irrigation system to ensure uniform distribution of water along the whole length of the system?
Answer
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Distribution pattern of the sprayers: Ensures even water distribution across the field.
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Nozzle opening diameter must increase proportionally further from the center: This adjustment compensates for the varying distance of water application across the system.
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Spacing between sprayers must increase proportionally further from the center: This helps maintain uniform coverage as the pivot moves around the field.