3.1 FIGURE 3.1 below is a drawing of a temporary excavation exposing the existing foundations - NSC Civil Technology Civil Services - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 3
3.1 FIGURE 3.1 below is a drawing of a temporary excavation exposing the existing foundations. Study the drawing and answer the questions that follow.
What does A ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:3.1 FIGURE 3.1 below is a drawing of a temporary excavation exposing the existing foundations - NSC Civil Technology Civil Services - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
What does A indicate on this drawing?
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Answer
A indicates the ground level before excavation, also known as NGL (Natural Ground Level).
Step 2
Identify B.
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B refers to the concrete slab or floor slab that is part of the existing foundations.
Step 3
Excavations always cause some ground movement. Name any TWO factors that can cause ground movement.
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Two factors that can cause ground movement include:
Blasting
Piling
Step 4
Deduce the slope of the excavation from the drawing.
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The slope of the excavation can be deduced as 1:2 or 1:1 based on the drawing.
Step 5
Name the TWO acceptable colours for the warning signals that should be visible around excavations.
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The two acceptable colours for warning signals are:
Red
Orange
Step 6
Name TWO items that should NOT be placed near the edge of an excavation.
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Two items that should not be placed near the edge of an excavation include:
Any type of load
Heavy machinery or vehicles
Step 7
Describe briefly the process of soil compaction.
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Soil compaction is the process of increasing the density of soil by pressing the soil particles closer together. This can also be achieved by reducing the volume of air trapped between the particles using hand compaction methods or a rammer.
Step 8
Identify the construction in FIGURE 3.6.
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The construction in FIGURE 3.6 is a shoring apparatus used to support the sides of the excavation.
Step 9
Explain the purpose of the sides of the construction.
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The sides of the construction serve to support the excavation and ensure that the sides do not cave in, thereby protecting workers.
Step 10
STATE the formula that you will use to calculate the volume of a cubical water tank.
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The formula to calculate the volume of a cubical water tank is:
Volume=Side3
Step 11
Give the amount of water in litres that you would need to fill a tank of 1 m³.
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To fill a tank of 1 m³, you would need 1000 litres of water since 1 m³ is equivalent to 1000 litres.
