3.1 FIGURE 3.1 below is an illustration of a manhole - NSC Civil Technology Civil Services - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 3
3.1 FIGURE 3.1 below is an illustration of a manhole. Study the illustration and answer the questions that follow.
3.1.1 Describe the difference between A and D wit... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:3.1 FIGURE 3.1 below is an illustration of a manhole - NSC Civil Technology Civil Services - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe the difference between A and D with regard to the flow of sewage.
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Answer
A represents the entry point of the sewage system where all the waste flows into, while D serves as the exit point where treated sewage is released into the environment. Thus, the flow of sewage initiates at A and concludes at D.
Step 2
Identify B.
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Answer
B is identified as the invert or the lowest point of the manhole which allows sewage to flow smoothly through the system.
Step 3
The benching (C) must be installed at a slope. Give ONE reason for this.
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The benching must be installed at a slope to ensure that sewage spills back into the channel, preventing stagnation and the growth of harmful bacteria.
Step 4
Recommend ONE type of brick that can be used to build the walls of the manhole.
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Answer
Engineering brick is recommended due to its high strength and low water absorption, making it suitable for manhole construction.
Step 5
Draw the sectional front view by projecting it from the given top view. Show FIVE brick courses.
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Answer
The sectional front view should include five courses of bricks in a stretcher bond layout, ensuring alignment with the provided top view of the T-junction.
Step 6
Name the type of soil where this type of shore will be used.
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The type of soil suitable for this shore is moderately firm ground.
Step 7
Identify A and B.
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A is identified as the poling boards or planks, and B is the strut, which provides support and stability to the shore.
Step 8
Name the safety equipment that will be appropriate.
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Answer
The appropriate safety equipment includes a respirator or breathing apparatus, which protects workers from inhaling harmful substances while working in confined spaces.
Step 9
Describe THREE regulations that must be adhered to when workers work in high places.
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Appoint a competent person responsible for the preparation of a fall plan to ensure safety at heights.
Ensure that a fall protection plan is implemented and regularly reviewed to protect workers effectively.
Ensure that steps are taken to maintain adherence to the fall protection plan throughout all work activities.
Step 10
Calculate the number of bricks needed for the partition wall, excluding breakage. Ignore the openings.
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Answer
To calculate the number of bricks needed, first determine the area of the partition wall, then calculate the total length of the partition wall, adjusting for the specified breakage percentage.
