4.1 Below are photographs of fasteners that are used on building sites - NSC Civil Technology Woodworking - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1

The fastener is a steel cut nail.

Use: Mainly used to fix skirting and cleats to brickwork.

The fastener is a sleeve anchor (or Rawlbolt).

Use: Fixing objects into concrete and brickwork to secure truss hangers against a wall.

One fastener that can be used for joining purlins to rafters is a wire nail or hurricane clamp.

Two advantages of nails over screws are:

1. Nails are faster to install and don't require as much skill, making them easier for general use.
2. Nails can be straightened and reused, while screws cannot.

One type of pipe that can be joined by means of a compression joint is a copper pipe.

Inside area calculation: For long walls: $6 560 ext{ mm}$ (calculated as $7 000 ext{ mm} - 2 imes 220 ext{ mm}$) For short walls: $3 560 ext{ mm}$ (calculated as $4 000 ext{ mm} - 2 imes 220 ext{ mm}$)

Total Inside Area: rac{(6 560 + 3 560) imes 1 000}{1 000 000} = 23.35 ext{ m}^2

Area of one ceiling board: $4 200 ext{ mm} imes 1 200 ext{ mm} = 5.04 ext{ m}^2$

Length of skirting required:

1. Skirting formula: $ext{Length} = 6 560 + 3 560 + 3 560 + 6 560 - 3 000$ = 17.24 ext{ m}$$