3.1 Name the soft, white, waxy, fatty substance that occurs naturally in the blood - NSC Consumer Studies - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1

The food-related health condition illustrated above is osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by porous bones that are thinner and less dense, making them fragile and more likely to break. It commonly occurs when calcium and minerals are lost from the bones faster than they are replaced.

1. Lack of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D in the diet.
2. Ageing, which leads to a natural decrease in bone density.
3. A family history of osteoporosis, which increases the likelihood of developing the condition.
4. Physical inactivity or lack of exercise, which can lead to weakened bones.

Anorexia Nervosa: Individuals tend to restrict their food intake significantly, often leading to extreme weight loss and malnutrition.

Bulimia Nervosa: Characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by purging (vomiting or using laxatives) to prevent weight gain.

Anorexia Nervosa: These individuals often consume very little kilojoules, leading to energy deficits and weight loss.

Bulimia Nervosa: Typically, these individuals consume high kilojoule foods during binges and may not fully absorb all the kilojoules due to purging.

The chicken and vegetable soup provides several nutritional benefits:

• Protein from chicken which helps build and repair tissues, strengthening the immune system.
• Carrots are rich in vitamin C, which aids in infection recovery, crucial for someone with HIV/AIDS.
• Brown bread offers a source of complex carbohydrates and provides energy.
• The variety of vegetables in the soup contributes essential vitamins and minerals that support overall health.

Genetically modified foods can significantly help food security in the following ways:

1. Crops engineered to resist diseases and pests can significantly reduce loss and increase yield.
2. Higher crop yield means more food can be produced to feed a growing population.
3. Improved shelf life allows food to remain consumable for longer periods, reducing waste.
4. Genetic modifications can make food more nutritious, thereby addressing malnutrition.

The term allergens is included to warn individuals who may have allergies. It informs consumers that the product contains substances that may provoke allergic reactions.

The term sustainable indicates that the fishing methods used do not deplete fish populations and are environmentally friendly, ensuring future generations can benefit from the ecosystem.

The statement has validity:

• The tuna has low total fat and no added fat, which is beneficial for cholesterol management.
• Contains monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats that can help manage blood cholesterol levels.
• However, it is important to note that while low in fats, the sodium content should be considered, as excessive sodium may negatively affect heart health.