NSC Consumer Studies Food additives: 3.1 Explain the following terms:

Question

3.1 Explain the following terms:

3.1.1 Food additives:
Food additives are natural or chemical substances intentionally added to a food product during processing or production to perform a specific function, such as preserving or enhancing flavor, texture, and color.

3.1.2 Food allergy:
A food allergy occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly identifies a protein in food as harmful and reacts by building antibodies against it. This reaction can lead to various symptoms, which can be mild to severe.

3.2 Name the functions of the following food additives:

3.2.1 Stabilizers:
Stabilizers improve the texture and consistency of food, helping to maintain a uniform dispersion of immiscible substances.

3.2.2 Antioxidants:
Antioxidants prevent oxidation in foods that can lead to rancidity, discoloration, and extend shelf life.

3.3 Explain the advantages of food irradiation:
Food irradiation destroys harmful microorganisms, making food safer to eat and extends its shelf life.

3.4 Explain the possible negative impact of organically grown foods on the natural environment:
Imported organically grown foods can contribute to pollution through transport and may also not utilize pesticides effectively, leading to ecological concerns.

3.5 Describe the characteristics of bulimia nervosa:
Bulimia nervosa is characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, or fasting.

3.6 Write a paragraph to explain how food-borne diseases can be transmitted to freshly picked vegetables:
Contamination can occur if the soil is not washed thoroughly or if hands are not washed after using the toilet. Freshly picked vegetables can carry pathogens if they come into contact with contaminated soil or water.

3.7 Describe the cause of lactose intolerance:
Lactose intolerance occurs when the body produces insufficient lactase, the enzyme needed to digest lactose, leading to digestive issues.

3.8 One of the advantages of genetically modified foods is that they are cheap. Explain how this fact may contribute to food security:
Genetically modified foods are more affordable and can provide a more stable food supply, contributing positively to food security.

3.9 Study the meal plan below and answer the questions that follow.

BREAKFAST
Oats and milk
Fresh fruit
Orange juice

LUNCH
Whole-wheat sandwich with chicken mayonnaise
Fresh fruit

DINNER
Mixed salad lettuce, cucumber, tomatoes, carrots, avocados, feta cheese, boiled eggs/grilled fish/skinless chicken, croutons and salad dressing (olive oil and vinegar)

3.9.1 Identify TWO food items from the meal plan that are NOT suitable for people who are gluten intolerant:
- Oats
- Whole-wheat sandwich

3.9.2 Evaluate the suitability of the meal plan above for the management of obesity:
All meals are balanced and complete, providing necessary nutrients while being mindful of calorie intake.

3.1.1 Food additives

3.1.2 Food allergy

3.2.1 Stabilizers

3.2.2 Antioxidants

3.3 Explain the advantages of food irradiation

3.4 Explain the possible negative impact of organically grown foods on the natural environment

3.5 Describe the characteristics of bulimia nervosa

3.6 Write a paragraph to explain how food-borne diseases can be transmitted to freshly picked vegetables

3.7 Describe the cause of lactose intolerance

3.8 Explain how genetically modified foods being cheap contributes to food security

3.9.1 Identify TWO food items from the meal plan that are NOT suitable for people who are gluten intolerant

3.9.2 Evaluate the suitability of the meal plan above for the management of obesity

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