3.1 Name FOUR ways in which a person suffering from high blood pressure can reduce his/her salt intake - NSC Consumer Studies - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1

1. Include iron-rich foods in the diet, such as red meat, poultry, fish, and leafy green vegetables.
2. Consume foods high in vitamin C, like citrus fruits, to enhance iron absorption from plant sources.
3. Eat a balanced diet with enough folic acid from sources like beans and whole grains.
4. Consider iron supplements when necessary, but consult a healthcare professional first.

1. Chemical preservatives help prolong the shelf life of food products by preventing spoilage.
2. They reduce the risk of food poisoning by inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms.
3. Preservatives maintain the quality and appearance of food by preventing spoilage and discoloration.

Herbs and spices are irradiated to eliminate harmful microorganisms that could compromise food safety. This process helps to ensure that these flavoring agents do not contaminate food products and retain their potency for longer periods.

E. coli can be transmitted to humans through contaminated water sources, such as rivers and beaches polluted by sewage. Consuming or coming into contact with contaminated food or water can lead to infection. Additionally, improper handling of food, such as not washing hands after using the restroom before preparing meals, may also result in transmission.

The condition represented in the picture is atherosclerosis, characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries.

Substance A is cholesterol, which is a fatty substance that can accumulate in the arteries.

Cholesterol can lead to coronary heart disease by forming plaques that narrow the arteries, restricting blood flow. This buildup increases the risk of heart attack and stroke due to clot formation and reduced oxygen supply to the heart muscle.