Truly great design can go beyond purely solving a problem to influence people's opinions and actions, and even the way they live their lives - NSC Design - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1

Modernism

Modernism emerged as a response to the rapid changes brought about by the industrial revolution and the upheavals of World War I. It aimed to break away from traditionalism, emphasizing functionality and simplicity in design. The Volkswagen Beetle, designed by Ferdinand Porsche, exemplifies modernist principles. Its streamlined design and affordability made car ownership accessible, influencing social mobility and changing public perception towards modern transportation.

Art Deco

Art Deco arose in the 1920s and 1930s as a glamorous style contrasting to the austere forms of earlier movements. Represented in structures such as the Chrysler Building, it combined fine craftsmanship with modern materials. This movement imbued a sense of progress and luxury, shaping people's desires for aesthetic elegance and modern living, thus affecting architectural styles and interior design.

Aims

Modernism aimed to simplify and solve issues arising from urban life, promoting rationalism and functionalism. Conversely, Art Deco, with its aim of visual richness and luxury, sought to celebrate progress and craftsmanship.

Influences

Both movements were influenced by their historical contexts; Modernism by the horrors of war and industrial advancements, and Art Deco by the thriving post-war economy and the rise of consumer culture.

General Characteristics

Modernism is characterized by minimalism, geometric forms, and a focus on function. Art Deco, on the other hand, is characterized by bold geometric patterns, vibrant colors, and eclectic influences from various cultures.

For Modernism, we can discuss Ferdinand Porsche and the design of the Volkswagen Beetle. For Art Deco, we will focus on William Van Alen, who designed the Chrysler Building. Both designers greatly influenced their respective areas, committing to the principles of their movements and successfully impacting society's views on functionality and aesthetics.