EXTRACT C [A maidservant recounts the murder of Carew.] Presently her eye wandered to the other, and she was surprised to recognise in him a certain Mr Hyde, who had once visited her master, and for whom she had conceived a dislike - NSC English FAL - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 2

The figure of speech used in these lines is a simile, as it compares Mr. Hyde's behavior to that of a madman using the word 'like'.

The simile 'like a madman' effectively conveys the uncontrollable rage and violent nature of Mr. Hyde. It allows readers to vividly understand the intensity of his actions, emphasizing the frenzied and aggressive aspects of his character, which are pivotal to the narrative.

The statement would be false if it claims that the police were called before the maid fainted. In fact, she only called for the police after she regained consciousness, indicating a sequence of events that matters in the understanding of the scene.

The maid would likely use a tone of panic and distress when relaying the details of the incident to the police. This tone reflects the trauma she experienced during the violent encounter she witnessed.

Her tone is appropriate because it conveys the urgency and severity of the situation. The emotional weight of her words would be necessary to ensure the police understand the severity of the crime and the need for immediate action.

One of the items found on the body of Carew was a gold watch purse containing an envelope addressed to Mr. Utterson.

D Dr Lanyon's house.

Mr Utterson seeks to inquire from Dr Lanyon if he knows what is wrong with Dr Jekyll, indicating a concern for his friend's well-being and an attempt to unveil the mystery surrounding Jekyll's condition.

The shock causes Dr Lanyon to exhibit significant signs of distress, impacting his physical appearance by rendering him visibly pale and agitated. This change underscores the gravity of the situation he has encountered.

Firstly, Dr Lanyon is in disbelief and cannot accept the reality of what he has seen, which creates a barrier to sharing the information. Secondly, he respects the privacy and dignity of Dr Jekyll, feeling that sharing this sensitive knowledge would betray their friendship.

Dr Lanyon feels a sense of betrayal and disappointment towards Dr Jekyll. He is incredulous and views Jekyll’s actions and experiments as morally questionable, leading to a rift between them.

This sentiment of betrayal stems from the drastic changes in Jekyll’s character and scientific pursuits, which Lanyon deems unethical. His sense of disillusionment is compounded by the previously close friendship they shared, now strained by Jekyll's secrecy.

The irony lies in the fact that while Dr Lanyon, Mr Utterson, and Dr Jekyll were once close friends, the relationship is now marred by deception and hidden truths. As Jekyll's darker experiments unfold, the camaraderie is overshadowed by mistrust and the tragic consequences of his scientific endeavors.

The extract reveals that Dr Lanyon is a person with strong moral principles, a man disillusioned by the extremes of scientific inquiry that Jekyll represents. His inability to understand or accept Jekyll’s experiments indicates a rigid adherence to traditional scientific ethics, making him resistant to Jekyll's radical approach.

Loyalty in the novel is complex and multifaceted, explored through the relationships between characters such as Utterson, Lanyon, and Jekyll. Utterson's steadfast loyalty to Jekyll, despite evident changes in his behavior, demonstrates a deep, albeit tragic, commitment to friendship. However, this loyalty is tested by the secrets that Jekyll harbors, which ultimately lead to devastating consequences. The theme of loyalty contrasts with betrayal on various levels, illustrating how personal bonds can be both a source of strength and vulnerability.

Issues such as the duality of human nature, the ethical dilemmas of scientific discovery, and the struggle between public persona and private identity remain relevant in contemporary society. The character of Dr Jekyll embodies the conflict between societal expectations and personal desire, a dichotomy many still face today. Moreover, the idea of moral responsibility in the face of scientific advancement resonates significantly in our present-day discussions about ethics in research and technology.