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QUESTION 1: WAS THE END CONSCRIPTION CAMPAIGN (ECC) SUCCESSFUL IN MOBILISING AGAINST THE APARTHEID GOVERNMENT IN THE 1980s? Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow - NSC History - Question 1 - 2024 - Paper 2
Question 1
QUESTION 1: WAS THE END CONSCRIPTION CAMPAIGN (ECC) SUCCESSFUL IN MOBILISING AGAINST THE APARTHEID GOVERNMENT IN THE 1980s? Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:QUESTION 1: WAS THE END CONSCRIPTION CAMPAIGN (ECC) SUCCESSFUL IN MOBILISING AGAINST THE APARTHEID GOVERNMENT IN THE 1980s? Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow - NSC History - Question 1 - 2024 - Paper 2
Step 1
Step 2
Refer to Source 1A. 1.1.2 Explain the concept conscription in the context of the apartheid government’s military policy.
Answer
Conscription during the apartheid era referred to the compulsory enlistment of young white males into the South African Defence Force. This policy aimed to maintain the military's strength to enforce the apartheid regime and suppress opposition.
Step 3
Step 4
Refer to Source 1A. 1.1.4 Why do you think the ECC initiated a series of media campaigns aimed at raising public consciousness regarding the role of the military?
Answer
The ECC likely initiated media campaigns to inform the public about the implications of conscription, as well as to mobilize support against the apartheid military policies and their oppressive effects on the youth.
Step 5
Refer to Source 1A. 1.1.5 Comment on the significance of the large number of people who attended the ‘one public meeting marking the end of the fast in Cape Town’ in 1985.
Answer
The large attendance at the meeting demonstrated widespread public support for the ECC and signifies a collective rejection of the apartheid government's military policies. It highlighted the growing resistance against conscription and military involvement in enforcing apartheid.
Step 6
Read Source 1B. 1.2.1 What, according to the source, was publicly declared by the 771 men during the launch of the national register of conscientious objectors?
Answer
According to the source, the 771 men publicly declared their refusal to serve in the military and expressed their stance against compulsory military service.
Step 7
Read Source 1B. 1.2.2 Why do you think the apartheid government used emergency regulations to prevent various press conferences from reporting on the ECC’s national register launch?
Answer
The apartheid government likely used emergency regulations to control the narrative surrounding the ECC, limiting public knowledge and opposition to military conscription, by suppressing any potential media coverage that could galvanize resistance.
Step 8
Read Source 1B. 1.2.3 In the context of the ECC, comment on the implication of Chris de Villiers statement, ‘... we are not prepared to defend apartheid’.
Answer
Chris de Villiers' statement reflects a significant shift in public sentiment among young white males, indicating a refusal to support or be complicit in the oppressive apartheid system. It underscores moral opposition to apartheid policies.
Step 9
Read Source 1B. 1.2.4 Define the term referendum in your own words.
Answer
A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal and can result in the adoption of new laws or amendments, allowing citizens to express their views on specific issues.