Explain to what extent political leadership and commitment by key South African role players paved the way for the birth of a non-racial democratic South Africa in 1994 - NSC History - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 2
Question 5
Explain to what extent political leadership and commitment by key South African role players paved the way for the birth of a non-racial democratic South Africa in 1... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain to what extent political leadership and commitment by key South African role players paved the way for the birth of a non-racial democratic South Africa in 1994 - NSC History - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 2
Step 1
Introduction
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Answer
In the early 1990s, South Africa was entrenched in a system of apartheid, characterized by racial segregation and oppression. The transition to a non-racial democratic South Africa in 1994 was significantly influenced by the political leadership and commitment of key figures, particularly President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela. This response will explore how their actions and decisions were pivotal in securing a peaceful transition.
Step 2
De Klerk comes to power in 1989
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F.W. de Klerk's ascent to the presidency marked a turning point in South Africa's political landscape. His leadership initiated a process of reform, setting the stage for negotiations to end apartheid.
Step 3
The unbanning of political organizations
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In 1990, de Klerk lifted the ban on key political organizations, such as the African National Congress (ANC) and the South African Communist Party (SACP). This act was critical in promoting inclusive dialogue and reconciliation.
Step 4
De Klerk's speech in Parliament on 2 February 1990
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In a historic speech, de Klerk announced the release of Nelson Mandela and the unbanning of the ANC. This demonstrated his commitment to moving towards a non-racial democracy.
Step 5
The decision to release Mandela
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De Klerk's decision to release Nelson Mandela from prison on 11 February 1990 symbolized a reconciliatory approach, fostering hope for a peaceful resolution to conflict.
Step 6
Groote Schuur Minute, 2 May 1990
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In this agreement, both de Klerk and Mandela committed to working together for a democratic South Africa, showcasing their political commitment.
Step 7
CODESA 1 negotiations
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The Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) negotiations in 1991 featured key discussions on the transition to democracy. Leaders from all sides participated, emphasizing their collective commitment to a peaceful transition.
Step 8
Elections and the democratic outcome
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The landmark elections of April 1994 culminated in Nelson Mandela becoming the first black South African President, marking a historical success for the negotiations and leadership efforts of both Mandela and de Klerk.
Step 9
Conclusion
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The commitment and leadership of key role players like F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela were indispensable in paving the way for a non-racial democratic South Africa. Their ability to navigate complex political landscapes and engage in constructive dialogue was vital in transforming the nation’s future.
