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The political violence that plagued South Africa in the early 1990s was aimed at derailing the process of negotiations among various political parties - NSC History - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 2
Question 5
The political violence that plagued South Africa in the early 1990s was aimed at derailing the process of negotiations among various political parties. Explain to w... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The political violence that plagued South Africa in the early 1990s was aimed at derailing the process of negotiations among various political parties - NSC History - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 2
Step 1
Introduction: Political Violence and Negotiations
Answer
In the early 1990s, South Africa was engulfed in political violence which critically affected negotiations towards achieving a peaceful democratic transition. This violence often stemmed from tensions between various political groups, particularly the African National Congress (ANC) and other factions such as the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP).
The violence not only threatened lives but also created a climate of fear and distrust, which was detrimental to the negotiation process.
Step 2
De Klerk's Leadership and Actions
Answer
F.W. de Klerk's ascension to power in 1989 was marked by significant political changes. His speech in parliament on 2 February 1990 signified the unbanning of political organizations like the ANC and SACP, which were vital to the negotiation process. However, simultaneous unrest and violence created hurdles that questioned the credibility of these negotiations.
Step 3
Events Leading to Increased Violence
Answer
The removal of restrictions on organizations like COSATU and AZAPO also heightened tensions. Furthermore, the Groote Schuur Minute on 2 May 1990 indicated a willingness to negotiate, but incidents of violence escalated. For instance, violent clashes in the country and the challenges faced by negotiators highlighted the stark divide among political groups.
Step 4
Consequences of Violence on the Negotiation Process
Answer
As negotiations progressed, the violence culminated in events such as the collapse of CODESA 2 on 2 May 1992, which illustrated the impact of political brutality on dialogue. The increasing casualties and fear influenced many groups' willingness to negotiate in good faith, leading to a prolonged and precarious negotiation process.
Step 5
Conclusion: Assessing the Impact of Violence
Answer
In conclusion, I agree with the statement that political violence in the early 1990s aimed to derail negotiations among various political parties in South Africa. The violence not only undermined the negotiation efforts but also showcased the deeply ingrained animosities among factions, making the pursuit of a democratic society extremely challenging. The events of this period must be considered crucial in understanding the complexities of South Africa's transition to democracy.