NSC Information Technology Data structures: 5.1 The following data structure

Question

5.1 The following data structures can be used in the application programs:
- One-dimensional array
- Two-dimensional array
- Variable
- Text file

Which ONE of the data structures above will be the most suitable to use in EACH of the following cases?

NOTE: Each data structure from the list above can be used once only as an answer.

5.1.1 A large amount of data about the participants needs to be saved to be used at a later stage.

5.1.2 An alphabetically-sorted list of names of the organisers is required.

5.1.3 The scores of participants need to be stored in rows and columns.

5.1.4 Find the name of the player who achieved the highest score.

5.2 Two object classes need to be designed: one for the players and one for the games.

5.2.1 Object-oriented programming uses encapsulation.

Give the definition of encapsulation.

5.2.2 State TWO advantages of using object-oriented programming when multiple developers are involved in coding an application.

5.2.3 Indicate whether the following statements about object-oriented programming are TRUE or FALSE. Write down only 'true' or 'false' next to the question number (5.2.3(a) and 5.2.3(b)).

(a) More than one object of a class can be instantiated.

(b) The number of parameters received by a constructor must always be the same as the number of private attributes.

5.3 In one of the games played, the user needs to enter the number of rows of a figure. The figure itself is made up of a sequence of numbers starting from the value of 1 and must contain the number of rows that was entered. Each row will have the value 2 × (row number) − 1 number of numbers.

Example of output if the value of 5 has been entered.

```
1
2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
```

Write a solution to the problem in the form of pseudocode.

NOTE:
- The number of numbers per row can be calculated using the formula 2 × (row number) − 1.
- There is one number in row 1, three numbers in row 2, five numbers in row 3 and so on.

5.4.1 Use the following headings and complete the trace table with the number 4 as the randomly generated number. Show EACH step of your trace.

5.4.2 One of the players presented an alternative solution. The suggestion is that line 3 of the solution should read as follows:

3. Loop index from 1 to NumberOfRows

In order to display the same results as in QUESTION 5.4.1, one line in the pseudocode would need to be changed as well.

Indicate the line number and the edited contents to produce the same output as the given solution.

5.1.1 A large amount of data about the participants needs to be saved to be used at a later stage.

5.1.2 An alphabetically-sorted list of names of the organisers is required.

5.1.3 The scores of participants need to be stored in rows and columns.

5.1.4 Find the name of the player who achieved the highest score.

5.2.1 Object-oriented programming uses encapsulation. Give the definition of encapsulation.

5.2.2 State TWO advantages of using object-oriented programming when multiple developers are involved in coding an application.

5.2.3 Indicate whether the following statements about object-oriented programming are TRUE or FALSE.

5.3 Write a solution to the problem in the form of pseudocode.

5.4.1 Show EACH step of your trace.

5.4.2 Indicate the line number and the edited contents to produce the same output as the given solution.

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number	sum	Loop index	number modulus index = 0?	number = sum?	Display
4	0	1	False	False
4	4	2	True	True	4