3.1 When setting up a small office network, some possible essential pieces of equipment could include cables and routers - NSC Information Technology - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 2

The main purpose of a router is to direct and manage data traffic between different networks, such as the local network and the internet. It ensures that data packets are sent to the correct destination and can connect multiple devices together.

1. Flexibility: Wireless networks allow users to connect multiple devices without the need for physical cables, making it easier to add or move devices.
2. Cost-Effective: Setting up a wireless network can lower installation costs, as it requires fewer materials compared to wired networks.

An access point is a device that connects to a wired network and allows wireless devices to connect to that network. It acts as a sender and receiver, facilitating communication between devices on a wireless network and the wired network.

Piggybacking involves unauthorized access to a wireless network by exploiting the network without the owner's permission, typically by using the same Wi-Fi connection.

1. Change the Default Password: Replacing the default admin password with a strong, unique password will help prevent unauthorized access.
2. Enable Network Encryption: Using WPA3 or WPA2 encryption can secure the network, making it harder for unauthorized users to gain access.

A dynamic website allows for personalized interaction based on user preferences. The content can vary for each user, which enhances user engagement and experience. Properties of a dynamic website include interactivity, easy updates, and content generated in real-time based on user behavior.

To ensure visibility in search results, you can employ Search Engine Optimization (SEO) strategies. This includes using relevant keywords, optimizing meta tags, and creating quality content that draws traffic.

A protocol is a set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices in a network. It specifies the formats, timing, and error handling procedures during communication.

Using HTTPS is advisable because it provides a secure communication channel through encryption, protecting users' data from eavesdropping or tampering. This ensures a safer experience for users, particularly for transactions and personal information.

A Personal Area Network (PAN) has a limited range, typically confined to a few meters. For accessing business files stored on a home network from various locations, a wider range and a more persistent connection are needed, which a PAN cannot provide.

1. Privacy and Security: A VPN encrypts data, providing security for sensitive information while in transit over the internet.
2. Access to Remote Resources: A VPN allows users to connect securely to their home network from anywhere, granting access to files and resources as if they were physically present.

Rich Internet Applications (RIA) are web applications that provide a high level of interactivity, similar to desktop applications. They leverage technologies like AJAX to provide features such as real-time updates and seamless user experiences.

An example of a Rich Internet Application is Google Docs, which allows real-time collaboration and editing of documents online.

1. Ease of Convenience: Mobile apps provide easy access to products or services, streamlining user interactions with the business.
2. Notifications: Apps can push notifications to users, keeping them informed and engaged with the latest offers and updates.

Location-based computing involves using the physical location of users or devices to provide context-aware services and information, improving user experience by tailoring content to their real-world geography.

Technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System), geofencing, and triangulation methods are used to implement location-based computing, enabling devices to determine their physical location.

A podcast is a digital audio file that is available for streaming or download. It typically consists of a series of episodes covering various topics, which listeners can access via the internet.

Streaming is the continuous transmission of audio or video files over the internet, allowing users to listen or watch the content in real-time without needing to download the entire file.