NSC Life Sciences DNA: The Code of Life: Various options are provided as

Question

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A to D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.1 D.

1.1.1 Which ONE of the following characteristics applies to bipedal organisms?
A A more backwards position of the foramen magnum.
B A short, narrow pelvis.
C A long, wide pelvis.
D An S-shaped spine.

1.1.2 Which ONE of the following statements about biodiversity is CORRECT?
A Speciation increases biodiversity.
B Biodiversity is the number of organisms in a population.
C Extinction increases biodiversity.
D Speciation and extinction have no effect on biodiversity.

1.1.3 Which ONE of the following compounds contains amino acids?
A RNA
B Protein
C Glucose
D DNA

1.1.4 Thando and Mary gave the four characteristics below about themselves.

| THANDO                      | MARY                       |
|-----------------------------|----------------------------|
| P I am a boy.              | I am a girl.              |
| Q I am 150 cm tall.        | I am 153 cm tall.         |
| R I have attached earlobes. | I have detached earlobes.  |
| S My blood group is A.     | My blood group is AB.     |

Which statements describe the characteristics of discontinuous variation?
A P, Q and S only
B P, R and S only
C Q, R and S only
D P, Q, R, and S

1.2 Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions.
Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.6) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.2.1 The analysis of DNA samples to identify individuals that may be related
1.2.2 The sugar found in RNA
1.2.3 The structure in an animal cell that forms spindle fibres
1.2.4 Undifferentiated animal cells that can give rise to specialised cell types
1.2.5 The division of the cytoplasm after a cell nucleus has divided
1.2.6 A diagram representing possible evolutionary relationships between species

1.4.3 Give the mRNA sequence, from left to right, for this segment of DNA.

1.4.4 The table below shows the DNA triplets that code for some amino acids.

| DNA TRIPLET | AMINO ACID |
|-------------|------------|
| ACA         | Cysteine   |
| CTT         | Glutamic acid|
| TGT         | Threonine  |
| TTA         | Asparagine |
| GAA         | Leucine    |
| TAC         | Methionine |

Give the sequence of amino acids that would be coded for by the section of DNA above.

1.4.5 Give the anticodon for the amino acid methionine.

1.5.1 Name:
(a) This disorder
(b) The phase in meiosis when non-disjunction occurs
(c) The type of mutation that is a result of non-disjunction

1.5.2 Identify the type of chromosomes numbered 1 to 22.

Homo sapiens | 0,2–0 | 1 450

1.6.1 Name:
(a) TWO hominid genera in the table above
(b) TWO fossils of A. africanus that were found in South Africa
(c) The genus that appeared first on Earth as shown in the table

1.6.2 Which hominid had a cranial capacity closest to that of Homo sapiens?

1.6.3 Give the smallest cranial capacity (in cm³) of a Homo species.

1.6.4 When did Australopithecus africanus become extinct?

1.6.5 Fossils are used as evidence of hominid evolution.
Name TWO other lines of evidence.

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2

1.2.1 The analysis of DNA samples to identify individuals that may be related

1.2.2 The sugar found in RNA

1.2.3 The structure in an animal cell that forms spindle fibres

1.2.4 Undifferentiated animal cells that can give rise to specialised cell types

1.2.5 The division of the cytoplasm after a cell nucleus has divided

1.2.6 A diagram representing possible evolutionary relationships between species

1.4.3 Give the mRNA sequence, from left to right, for this segment of DNA.

1.4.4 Give the sequence of amino acids that would be coded for by the section of DNA above.

1.4.5 Give the anticodon for the amino acid methionine.

1.5.1 (a) This disorder

1.5.1 (b) The phase in meiosis when non-disjunction occurs

1.5.1 (c) The type of mutation that is a result of non-disjunction

1.5.2 Identify the type of chromosomes numbered 1 to 22.

1.6.1 (a) TWO hominid genera in the table above

1.6.1 (b) TWO fossils of A. africanus that were found in South Africa

1.6.1 (c) The genus that appeared first on Earth as shown in the table

1.6.2 Which hominid had a cranial capacity closest to that of Homo sapiens?

1.6.3 Give the smallest cranial capacity (in cm³) of a Homo species.

1.6.4 When did Australopithecus africanus become extinct?

1.6.5 Name TWO other lines of evidence.

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