NSC Life Sciences DNA: The Code of Life: 1.1 Various options are provided

Question

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choices the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.9) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.1.1 According to Lamarck's theory for evolution...
A. scrambled characteristics are not inherited.
B. organisms evolve because they adapt to their environment.
C. there is variation among offspring.
D. environmental changes have no influence on species diversity.

1.1.2 The genotype for a specific characteristic...
A. contains two chromosomes.
B. is the physical appearance of an individual.
C. is a representation of the allele pair.
D. is only one allele.

1.1.3 After the discovery of a fossil, scientists classified it as an African ape because it had...
A. small canines, a prognathous jaw and large canines.
B. large canines, a prognathous jaw and small canines.
C. small canines, a protruding jaw and large canines.
D. large canines, a protruding jaw and small canines.

1.1.4 The statements below describe the steps in the cycle of development of the embryo...
A. (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
B. (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
C. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
D. (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

1.1.5 Shrubs of the family Protocaceae (e.g., Warathis and protacs) can be found in Australia, South America, Indo-China and parts of Africa as shown on the map below.

This is evidence that the family Protocaceae...
A. all belong to the same species.
B. are equally distributed in all continents.
C. became extinct when Pangaias separated.
D. arose from a common ancestor when Pangaias separated.

1.1.6 The diagram below shows the DNA profiles of a girl, her mother and four males.

Which male is the girl's biological father?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

1.1.7 The following are characteristics of a group of animals:
(i) Able to interbreed
(ii) Occupy the same habitat
(iii) Produce fertile offspring
(iv) Belong to the same species
Which combination CORRECTLY represents a population?
A. (ii), (iii) and (iv)
B. (i), (ii) and (iv)
C. (i), (ii) and (iii)
D. (i) and (iv)

1.1.8 During Anaphase of mitosis, the two chromatids of a chromosome are pulled apart, moving towards opposite poles at a rate of 1 micron per second.

The distance, in microns, between the chromatids after 60 seconds is...
A. 50
B. 60
C. 120
D. 180

1.2 Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.7) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.2.1 The type of inheritance which produces an intermediate phenotype
1.2.2 The point where adjacent chromosomes average during crossing over
1.2.3 The process whereby information is copied from DNA to RNA in the nucleus of a cell
1.2.4 The sugar found in a DNA molecule
1.2.5 The bond that occurs between nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule
1.2.6 The manipulation of an organism's genes to obtain a desired characteristic
1.2.7 The representation showing the arrangement of a diploid set of chromosomes.

1.3 Indicate which of the descriptions in COLUMN I apply to A ONLY, B ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN II. Write a only, B only, both A and B or none next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.3) in the ANSWER BOOK.

COLUMN I
1.3.1 Random mating 
1.3.2 Offspring of pure strains have different traits 
1.3.3 B only

COLUMN II
1.3.1 Inbreeding
1.3.2 Crossbreeding
1.3.3 hybrid

1.4 The diagram below represents a cell in an early stage of meiosis.

1.4.1 Give the:
(a) Phase of meiosis represented
(b) Number of chromatids shown
(c) Number of homologous chromosome pairs

1.4.2 Identify structures:
(a) R
(b) S
(c) T

1.4.3 Name TWO organs in an animal where meiosis occurs.

1.5 The brinjal plant carries edible fruit: Scientists have been studying the inheritance of its genes, so far describing only the edible fruit shape. The stems can be smooth (S) or prickly (P), while the fruit shape can be round (R) or elongated (r).

1.5.1 Name the type of cross that studies two characteristics.

1.5.2 State:
(a) Dominant characteristic for stem texture
(b) Recessive characteristic for fruit shape.

1.5.3 The genotype of a plant with a prickly stem and elongated fruit

1.6 The table below shows information on selected hominid fossils.

Common name
Species
Fossil site
Scientists responsible for discovery

Taung Child
Australopithecus africanus
Malanja Care in the Cradle of Humankind
Raymond Dart

1.6.1 Name fossil.
1.6.2 Identify the scientist as R.
1.6.3 Give the name of the scientist at Q.

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2023 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2023 - Paper 2

1.1.1 According to Lamarck's theory for evolution...

1.1.2 The genotype for a specific characteristic...

1.1.3 After the discovery of a fossil, scientists classified it as an African ape because it had...

1.1.4 The statements below describe the steps in the cycle of development of the embryo...

1.1.5 Shrubs of the family Protocaceae (e.g., Warathis and protacs)...

1.1.6 The diagram below shows the DNA profiles of a girl...

1.1.7 The following are characteristics of a group of animals:

1.1.8 During Anaphase of mitosis, the two chromatids of a chromosome...

1.2.1 The type of inheritance which produces an intermediate phenotype

1.2.2 The point where adjacent chromosomes average during crossing over

1.2.3 The process whereby information is copied from DNA to RNA in the nucleus of a cell

1.2.4 The sugar found in a DNA molecule

1.2.5 The bond that occurs between nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule

1.2.6 The manipulation of an organism's genes to obtain a desired characteristic

1.2.7 The representation showing the arrangement of a diploid set of chromosomes.

1.3.1 Random mating

1.3.2 Offspring of pure strains have different traits

1.3.3 hybrid

1.4.1 Give the:

1.4.2 Identify structures:

1.4.3 Name TWO organs in an animal where meiosis occurs.

1.5.1 Name the type of cross that studies two characteristics.

1.5.2 State:

1.5.3 The genotype of a plant with a prickly stem and elongated fruit

1.6.1 Name fossil.

1.6.2 Identify the scientist as R.

1.6.3 Give the name of the scientist at Q.

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