1.1.1 What is the scientific name of the fossil, Mrs Pales?
A - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2018 - Paper 2
Question 1
1.1.1 What is the scientific name of the fossil, Mrs Pales?
A. Afrocenus
B. Australopithecus afarensis
C. Homo habilis
D. Homo erectus
1.1.2 Which of the following... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:1.1.1 What is the scientific name of the fossil, Mrs Pales?
A - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2018 - Paper 2
Step 1
1.1.1 What is the scientific name of the fossil, Mrs Pales?
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Answer
The scientific name of the fossil, Mrs Pales, is most likely B. Australopithecus afarensis, which is a well-known fossil species.
Step 2
1.1.2 Which of the following is a structural feature of a biped organism?
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The structural feature of a biped organism is A. Long, narrow pelvis. This adaptation supports bipedal locomotion.
Step 3
1.1.3 A mother has blood group B and a father has blood group O. They have three biological children and an adopted child. The blood groups of the children are represented in the table.
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Based on the blood groups of the biological parents and children, the adopted child is likely You, as the blood group B can be inherited from a B parent and an O parent.
Step 4
1.1.4 Which species inhabited the Earth for the longest period of time?
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The species that inhabited the Earth for the longest period of time is A. Australopithecus afarensis, as this species existed for millions of years.
Step 5
1.1.5 How many years ago did the genus Homo first appear?
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The genus Homo first appeared approximately B. 2.5 million years ago, which is widely accepted in the fossil record.
Step 6
1.1.6 The diagram below shows some evolutionary events.
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The correct evolutionary sequence is best represented by option C. (iv) – (ii) – (i) – (iii), reflecting the order of divergence and evolution.
Step 7
1.1.8 In a certain species of rabbit, body colour is controlled by alleles where
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This leads to a question regarding the inheritance patterns of body colour determined by dominant and recessive traits.
Step 8
1.1.9 What is the possible genotype for a rabbit with brown ears?
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The possible genotype for a rabbit with brown ears is B. Bb, as a brown coat can be dominant over a recessive allele.
Step 9
1.1.10 What is the possible genotype of gametes produced by a white rabbit with brown ears?
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The possible genotype of gametes produced by the rabbit is therefore C. B and b, indicating both alleles can be passed on.
Step 10
1.1.11 Identify parts a, d, and e.
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Part a is the centromere, part d is the chromatid, and part e represents a chromosome in its metaphase form.
Step 11
1.1.12 Give only the LETTER of the part that:
(a) Attaches to the spindle fibres during cell division
(b) Represents a gene
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(a) E attaches to the spindle fibres during cell division; (b) C represents a gene.
Step 12
1.1.13 Name:
(a) TWO organelles in an animal cell where DNA is found
(b) The natural shape of a DNA molecule
(c) The process whereby DNA makes an identical copy of itself.
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(a) The two organelles are E. mitochondrion and the nucleus.
(b) The natural shape of a DNA molecule is a D. double helix.
(c) The process is called DNA replication.
Step 13
1.1.15 Name the type of diagram illustrated.
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The type of diagram illustrated is a phylogenetic tree or cladogram, representing evolutionary relationships.
Step 14
1.1.16 What structural features of trilobites, described in the extract, improved the assurance of fossilisation?
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The structural features include a robust exoskeleton, which provided protection and increased the chances of fossilisation.
Step 15
1.1.18 Give the LETTER of the most recent common ancestor for:
M, N and O
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The most recent common ancestor for M, N, and O is likely D.
Step 16
1.1.19 Which of the extinct arthropods (tribolites, hemipterids, tegepolids or naurodis) is classified by phylum?
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The extinct arthropod classified by phylum is (a) M, corresponding to the trilobites.
