Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 2
Question 1
Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A to D) next to the question number in the ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Life Sciences - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 2
Step 1
1.1.1 The components of a DNA molecule that provide the code for protein synthesis are the ...
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Answer
The components of a DNA molecule that provide the code for protein synthesis are the nitrogenous bases (D).
Step 2
1.1.2 During which stage of meiosis do spindle fibres begin to form?
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Answer
Spindle fibres begin to form during Prophase I (A) of meiosis.
Step 3
1.1.3 An individual has Down syndrome, in the karyotype there is an abnormal number of chromosomes at chromosome pair ...
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An individual with Down syndrome has an abnormal number of chromosomes at chromosome pair 21 (C).
Step 4
1.1.4 An individual that has received an identical allele from each parent is described as being ...
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An individual that has received an identical allele from each parent is described as being homozygous (C).
Step 5
1.1.5 A plant species has a diploid chromosome number of 12. Which ONE of the following is the haploid chromosome number?
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The haploid chromosome number for a plant species with a diploid number of 12 is 6 (B).
Step 6
1.1.6 Inheritance by multiple alleles in genetics refers to ...
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Inheritance by multiple alleles in genetics refers to traits that influence more than two characteristics (D).
Step 7
1.1.7 Which ONE of the following is a reproductive isolation mechanism?
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A reproductive isolation mechanism is breeding at the same time of the year (A).
Step 8
1.1.8 Normal humans owe have ...
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Normal humans have 22 autosomes and an X chromosome (A).
Step 9
1.1.9 Which ONE of the following occurs in mitosis but NOT in meiosis?
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In mitosis but NOT in meiosis, two cells are formed at the end of division (A).
Step 10
1.1.10 The graph below shows the percentage similarity between human (Hu) DNA and the DNA of some species of African apes. Which ONE of the following phylogenetic trees best represents the information in the graph?
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The phylogenetic tree that best represents the information in the graph is tree C.
Step 11
1.2.1 Division of the cytoplasm of a cell during meiosis
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The division of the cytoplasm of a cell during meiosis is known as cytokinesis.
Step 12
1.2.2 The sugar molecule present in a nucleotide of RNA
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The sugar molecule present in a nucleotide of RNA is ribose.
Step 13
1.2.3 The position of a gene on a chromosome
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The position of a gene on a chromosome is called its locus.
Step 14
1.2.4 The process during which a DNA molecule makes an exact copy of itself
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The process during which a DNA molecule makes an exact copy of itself is known as DNA replication.
Step 15
1.2.5 Undifferentiated cells that may be stimulated to develop into any type of body cell
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Undifferentiated cells that can be stimulated to develop into any type of body cell are called stem cells.
Step 16
1.2.6 Mendel's principle which states that an organism possesses two factors which separate so that each gamete contains only one of these factors
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This principle is known as segregation.
Step 17
1.2.7 The evolutionary theory that proposes gradual changes occur or do not change, alternating with short periods where rapid changes occur
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This theory refers to punctuated equilibrium.
Step 18
1.2.8 A tangled network of DNA and protein located within the nucleus
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This structure is referred to as the chromatin network.
Step 19
1.2.9 The phase in the cell cycle during which cell growth occurs
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The phase during which cell growth occurs is called interphase.
Step 20
1.3.1 Processes that influence human
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This corresponds to A only.
Step 21
1.3.2 Species
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This corresponds to B only.
Step 22
1.3.3 Biotechnology
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This corresponds to both A and B.
Step 23
1.4.1 Name this type of genetic cross.
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This type of genetic cross is known as a Dihybrid cross.
Step 24
1.4.2 Give the genotype of a homozygous tall, yellow tomato plant.
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The genotype of a homozygous tall, yellow tomato plant is TTRR.
Step 25
1.4.3 List the genotypes of ALL the possible gametes for a plant that is heterozygous for both characteristics.
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The possible gametes for a plant that is heterozygous for both traits are TR, Tr, tR, tr.
Step 26
1.5.1 State what is represented by the squares on a pedigree diagram.
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The squares on a pedigree diagram represent males.
Step 27
1.5.2 State the number of:
(a) Generations represented in this pedigree diagram
(b) Offspring of individuals P and Q
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(a) There are three generations represented in this pedigree diagram.
(b) The offspring of individuals P and Q are three.
Step 28
1.5.3 Give the:
(a) LETTERS only, of females who have haemophilia
(b) Genotype of individual R
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(a) The letters of females who have haemophilia are T and U.
(b) The genotype of individual R is XhXh.
