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2.1 Scientists wanted to determine which type of inheritance accounted for most of the selected genetic disorders in dogs - NSC Life Sciences - Question 2 - 2016 - Paper 2
Question 2
2.1 Scientists wanted to determine which type of inheritance accounted for most of the selected genetic disorders in dogs. To do this they sequenced the genomes of ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:2.1 Scientists wanted to determine which type of inheritance accounted for most of the selected genetic disorders in dogs - NSC Life Sciences - Question 2 - 2016 - Paper 2
Step 1
If 2000 dogs were studied in this investigation, how many dogs had disorders that were caused by autosomal dominant inheritance? Show ALL calculations.
Answer
To find the number of dogs affected by autosomal dominant inheritance, we can use the fraction of dogs as represented in the pie chart. The autosomal dominant class is 11% of the total investigation. Therefore, the number of dogs exhibiting this type of inheritance can be calculated as follows:
ext{Number of dogs with autosomal dominant disorders} = rac{11}{100} imes 2000 = 220
Thus, 220 dogs had disorders caused by autosomal dominant inheritance.
Step 2
State TWO ways in which the scientists could improve the reliability of their results.
Answer
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Larger sample size: Increasing the number of dogs studied would provide more robust data and increase the reliability of the findings.
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Control variables: Ensuring that all other conditions are kept constant, such as environmental factors or genetic backgrounds, will reduce variability in results.
Step 3
Step 4
Explain why there is no need to keep the age of the dogs constant in this type of investigation.
Answer
The genetic disorders being investigated are not age-dependent, meaning the inheritance patterns observed will occur regardless of the age of the dogs. Therefore, age does not affect the assessment of genetic inheritance in this context.
Step 5
Provide a conclusion for this investigation.
Answer
In conclusion, the investigation has shown that the majority of genetic disorders in the studied dog population are attributed to autosomal recessive inheritance, suggesting a significant genetic basis for these disorders. This understanding can help in developing targeted breeding and treatment plans.