NSC Marine Sciences Harvesting and Utilization of Marine Resources: 2.1 Study the cartoon on nature-

Question

2.1 Study the cartoon on nature-based tourism below and answer the questions that follow.

2.1.1 Evaluate the impact of this type of tourism on the marine environment.

2.1.2 Suggest TWO ways the tour company could improve the sustainability of its tourism activities.

2.2 A group of Marine Sciences learners wanted to determine the relationship between increased temperatures and the average oxygen content of the water in permanent rock pools.

The learners used the following method:

• 10 programmable water baths were filled with 15 litres of sea water.
• The water baths were programmed to increase the water temperature of the sea water by 5 °C every 60 minutes.
• An analogue sensor was placed in the water bath to record the oxygen content (mg/l).
• The sensor sent the data to digital devices, which recorded the data.
• The data were recorded for a period of 7 hours.
• The average oxygen content was recorded for a range of temperatures from 0–40 °C.

The results are shown in the table below.

Table showing the relationship between temperature and the average oxygen content of the sea water in 10 programmable water baths

TEMPERATURE (°C)	AVERAGE OXYGEN CONTENT (mg/l)
0	14
5	12
10	10
15	8
20	6
25	4
30	2
35	0
40	-

2.2.1 Identify the manipulated variable for the investigation.

2.2.2 Give a suitable hypothesis for this investigation.

2.2.3 Draw a line graph to illustrate the data in the table above.

2.2.4 Based on the results of this experiment, explain how climate change would affect organisms that live in rocky pools.

2.3 Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.

SPAWNER BIOMASS DECLINES IN SOUTH AFRICA

For more than 100,000 years, South Africa's fish has been an important food source for humans. However, today we find ourselves in a position where the populations of targeted species such as dusky kob, spotted grunter, white steenbras and leervis (garrick) are considered to be collapsed. There has been a dramatic decrease in the spawner biomass over the last three decades. The destruction of estuaries has also contributed greatly to this decline.

2.3.1 Name ONE type of traditional fish trap that was used in South Africa 100,000 years ago.

2.3.2 Explain ONE way in which humans have contributed to the decline in the biomass of targeted fish species that has occurred.

2.3.3 Explain how the organic load is maintained in estuaries.

2.3.4 A local government declared an estuary a marine protected area (MPA).

List FOUR reasons why this MPA could be beneficial to fish stocks.

2.4 Read the article on kelp forests below and answer the questions that follow.

SECRET GIANT KELP FOREST OFF CAPE TOWN CATCHES GLOBAL ATTENTION

A giant forest along the South-west Coast of South Africa would have probably remained out of sight if it was not for the Netflix film My Octopus Teacher which, among other prizes, won the 2021 BAFTA Award for the Best Documentary. The film has also succeeded in drawing public attention to kelp forests around the world. In fact, activists of the Sea Change Project have renamed the kelp forests where the film was shot as The Great African Sea Forest to give it similar attention as the Great Barrier Reef.

2.4.1 Other than the Southern Coast, where can kelp forests be found in South Africa?

2.4.2 'The film has also succeeded in drawing public attention to kelp forests around the world.'

Explain THREE ecological significance of kelp forests that a marine ecosystem provides.

2.1 Study the cartoon on nature-based tourism below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:2.1 Study the cartoon on nature-based tourism below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1