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Read the case study and view the map below to answer the question that follows - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 4
Read the case study and view the map below to answer the question that follows. The map below is an area found along the south coast of South Africa. The area withi... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read the case study and view the map below to answer the question that follows - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
Define and explain what MPAs are.
Answer
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are designated sections of ocean that receive heightened protection compared to surrounding regions. These areas can take various forms, such as biosphere reserves, fishery reserves, or marine sanctuaries. The primary purpose of an MPA is to conserve marine biodiversity, which can include protecting habitats, restoring fish populations, and safeguarding unique marine ecosystems. Additionally, MPAs can serve cultural and recreational purposes, ensuring sustainable access for local communities.
Step 2
Discuss how Pressy's checklist will be used as a participatory approach with the stakeholders and the residents in location A.
Answer
Pressy’s checklist serves as a valuable tool for engaging stakeholders, including the local residents of Infanta and Witsand. By identifying key stakeholders, such as conservation groups, fishermen, and scientists, the government can facilitate discussions on conservation needs and objectives. Data collection, such as fish counts and habitat assessments, will ensure all voices are represented. This collaborative process allows for collective goal setting and transparency, fostering a sense of ownership among the residents and ensuring that their needs are addressed in the MPA expansion.
Step 3
Elaborate on how the local government will determine whether the MPA expansion project is successful or not.
Answer
Success will be assessed through various indicators, including biodiversity abundance, health of habitats, and the well-being of local communities. Key metrics might include tracking fish populations before and after the implementation of the MPA, as well as monitoring ecosystem health through scientific studies. The local government can also conduct regular surveys to gauge community sentiments towards the MPA, ensuring that stakeholders are satisfied with the management practices in place.
Step 4
Discuss why location A should have been included as part of the original MPA.
Answer
Location A is an estuary that serves as a crucial breeding and nursery ground for various marine species. Estuaries are rich in nutrients from upstream sources and are often biodiversity hotspots. By including this area in the original MPA, conservation efforts could better protect these vital habitats, ensure the sustainability of fish populations, and promote eco-tourism opportunities. Consequently, this would aid in maintaining ecological balance and supporting local livelihoods.
Step 5
Provide an analysis of the potential impact of the MPA extension project on the functionality of the residents close to location A.
Answer
The MPA extension could bring both positive and negative impacts for the residents. On one hand, it may foster ecotourism, generating revenue and creating jobs connected to conservation efforts. This, in turn, can enhance community awareness and investment in local biodiversity. On the other hand, restrictions imposed by the MPA might limit traditional fishing practices, potentially impacting livelihoods negatively. An inclusive management approach that incorporates local knowledge and provides alternative livelihoods will be essential in mitigating these challenges.