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Area A is located along the west coast of South Africa where a river flows into the ocean - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 4
Area A is located along the west coast of South Africa where a river flows into the ocean. A small town is located on the one side of the river while there is a lago... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Area A is located along the west coast of South Africa where a river flows into the ocean - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Define the concept of a biosphere reserve.
Answer
A biosphere reserve is a designated area that encompasses terrestrial, marine, and coastal ecosystems. It serves to promote the conservation of nature while allowing for sustainable human interaction with the environment. These reserves are critical for protecting biodiversity and often have areas with greater protection than other regions.
Step 2
Explain how you intend to estimate the current fish stock along the West Coast using the Catch per Unit Effort method. In your answer, also state which decision variables need to be recorded.
Answer
To estimate the current fish stock, I will utilize the Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) method. This involves recording the total catch of fish in relation to the effort exerted, usually measured in fishing hours or the number of nets used. The key decision variables that need to be noted include:
- The number of fish caught in a specified time period.
- The type of fishing gear used.
- Environmental conditions (e.g., weather, water temperature).
- The location of the fishing activity.
Step 3
Explain how the lagoon could potentially be suitable as an area for recreational fishing as well as ecotourism.
Answer
The lagoon may provide a suitable environment for recreational fishing due to its diverse fish populations and calmer waters, making it accessible for both novice and experienced fishers. Additionally, it can attract ecotourism by offering opportunities for nature enthusiasts to enjoy scenic beauty and engage in various activities such as bird watching, kayaking, and educational tours about the local ecosystem. The dual use as a recreational site and ecotourism hotspot could enhance community engagement and promote economic benefits.
Step 4
Discuss the principles and guidelines of the International Ecotourism Society (TIES) that would need to be followed if ecotourism is to be encouraged in the area.
Answer
The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) promotes several key principles that should be taken into account:
- Minimize negative impacts: Activities should not disrupt local ecosystems or wildlife.
- Build awareness and respect: Educate visitors and residents about the environmental and cultural significance of the area.
- Provide direct financial benefits: Ensure that local communities benefit economically from ecotourism.
- Generate memorable experiences: Create opportunities for visitors to engage meaningfully with nature, enhancing their understanding and appreciation.
Step 5
Elaborate on both the possibilities of reserving this environment and the risks involved in favour of the establishment of a reserve, while other members might be against the reserve.
Answer
The establishment of a reserve presents numerous possibilities:
- It can enhance biodiversity protection and conservation efforts.
- Create new opportunities for sustainable tourism and education.
- Foster community pride and stewardship of local ecosystems.
However, there are risks involved:
- Local fishers might experience restrictions on their fishing activities leading to economic loss.
- Some community members may oppose the reserve due to concerns about reduced access to natural resources.
- Potential conflicts may arise between conservation goals and local livelihoods, necessitating careful management and open dialogues within the community.