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2.1 Study the cartoon on nature-based tourism below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1
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2.1 Study the cartoon on nature-based tourism below and answer the questions that follow. 2.1.1 Evaluate the impact of this type of tourism on the marine environmen... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:2.1 Study the cartoon on nature-based tourism below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
2.1.1 Evaluate the impact of this type of tourism on the marine environment.
Answer
Nature-based tourism can lead to several negative impacts on the marine environment. Firstly, it often results in pollution due to an increase in litter and waste generated by tourists, which can disrupt local ecosystems. Secondly, the high number of visitors can lead to over-tourism, which may result in habitat degradation, thereby negatively affecting biodiversity. Lastly, the negative media coverage associated with environmental damage can deter potential visitors, further complicating tourism efforts.
Step 2
2.1.2 Suggest TWO ways the tour company could improve the sustainability of its tourism activities.
Answer
One way to improve sustainability is by controlling the number of visitors allowed to participate in tours, thus minimizing environmental impact. A second suggestion is to implement educational programs for tourists, which emphasize the importance of preserving natural habitats and responsible tourism practices.
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Step 5
2.2.3 Draw a line graph to illustrate the data in the table above.
Answer
To properly illustrate the data, one would plot the temperature on the x-axis and the average oxygen content on the y-axis. The line should trend downward, indicating a negative correlation between temperature and oxygen levels.
Step 6
2.2.4 Based on the results of this experiment, explain how climate change would affect organisms that live in rocky pools.
Answer
Climate change could lead to increased water temperatures, which would result in lower oxygen levels in rocky pools. This decrease in oxygen can adversely affect marine life, as many organisms depend on adequate oxygen for survival. The ecological balance within these habitats may be disrupted, leading to a decline in biodiversity.
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2.3.2 Explain ONE way in which humans have contributed to the decline of spawner biomass of fish stocks in estuaries.
Answer
Humans have contributed to the decline of spawner biomass through overfishing, which reduces the population of fish species that are crucial for maintaining healthy fish stocks.
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2.3.3 Explain how the organic load is maintained in estuaries.
Answer
The organic load in estuaries is maintained by the continuous input of both organic and inorganic materials from surrounding land and water sources, which support the productivity of primary producers in these ecosystems.
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2.3.4 List FOUR reasons why this MPA could be beneficial to fish stocks.
Answer
- Protecting critical habitats for fish reproduction.
- Allowing for the rehabilitation of fish stocks by preventing overexploitation.
- Supporting protective measures for spawning areas.
- Enhancing fish populations in surrounding fishing areas due to spillover effects.
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2.4.2 Explain THREE ecological significance of kelp forests that a marine protected area provides.
Answer
Kelp forests provide critical habitat for various marine organisms, support biodiversity through food webs, and serve as nurseries for fish species. They also play a role in coastal protection against erosion and contribute to nutrient cycling within marine ecosystems.