9.1 What is elastic deformation?
9.2 Describe shrinkage on steel - NSC Mechanical Technology Welding and Metalwork - Question 9 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 9
9.1 What is elastic deformation?
9.2 Describe shrinkage on steel.
9.3 Study FIGURES 9.1 and 9.2 below and identify EACH distortion.
9.3.1
9.3.2
9.4 What effect ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:9.1 What is elastic deformation?
9.2 Describe shrinkage on steel - NSC Mechanical Technology Welding and Metalwork - Question 9 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
What is elastic deformation?
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Answer
Elastic deformation is the ability of a joint or material to return to its original position or dimensions after the stresses have been relieved. This means that the material can undergo forces without undergoing permanent changes, provided the stresses do not exceed its elastic limit.
Step 2
Describe shrinkage on steel.
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Answer
Shrinkage in steel refers to its tendency to undergo plastic deformation as a result of contraction upon cooling. This occurs after the welding or shaping processes when the temperature of the metal decreases, leading to a reduction in dimensions.
Step 3
Identify EACH distortion.
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Answer
9.3.1 is identified as Transverse shrinkage, which occurs across the width of the weld.
9.3.2 is identified as Longitudinal shrinkage, which occurs along the length of the weld.
Step 4
Electrode size
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Answer
Larger electrode sizes require higher current and cause higher welding temperatures that can lead to more deformation and shrinkage. Conversely, smaller electrode sizes require lower current and result in lower welding temperatures, which causes less deformation or shrinkage.
Step 5
Welding speed
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Answer
Decreased welding speed tends to increase localized heat, which can cause more distortion. On the other hand, increased welding speed reduces localized heat and consequently decreases distortion.
Step 6
Explain the disadvantage of using jigs, fixtures and clamps when welding.
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Answer
Using jigs, fixtures, and clamps can lead to increased internal stresses in the welded joint because the metal's movement is restricted during the welding process. This restriction can cause distortion and weakening of the weld.
Step 7
Tool steel
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The carbon content percentage in tool steel typically ranges from 0.71% to 1.5%.
Step 8
Spring steel
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The carbon content percentage in spring steel ranges from 0.31% to 0.70%.
Step 9
Mild steel
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The carbon content percentage in mild steel ranges from 0.07% to 0.30%.
Step 10
Name TWO quenching media used during heat treatment.
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Two quenching media used during heat treatment are water and oil.
