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6.1 Explain THREE performance techniques introduced by the Mannheim school - NSC Music - Question 6 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 6
6.1 Explain THREE performance techniques introduced by the Mannheim school. 6.2 Compare the symphony with the symphonic tone poem. 6.3 Give the tempo indication of... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:6.1 Explain THREE performance techniques introduced by the Mannheim school - NSC Music - Question 6 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
6.1 Explain THREE performance techniques introduced by the Mannheim school.
Answer
The Mannheim school is known for several innovative performance techniques:
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Crescendo and diminuendo: This technique involves gradually increasing or decreasing the volume of sound within a phrase, which adds dynamic contrast to the music.
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Sudden sforzando (sfz): This is a sudden strong accent used to create surprise or shock in the performance, making certain notes stand out dramatically.
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Opening arpeggios: These are utilized to grab the listener's attention and establish the key of the piece right from the start.
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Tremolo: This technique involves the rapid alternation between two notes, which creates tension and anticipation in the music.
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Use of dynamics: The use of dynamics, including nuances not as prominently used in the Baroque period, was specifically highlighted by the Mannheim composers.
Step 2
6.2 Compare the symphony with the symphonic tone poem.
Answer
Both forms are orchestral works, but they exhibit key differences:
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Length: A symphony typically has a duration of 30-50 minutes and consists of three to four movements. In contrast, a symphonic tone poem is shorter, usually spanning 10-15 minutes and being a single movement work.
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Programmatic content: Symphonic tone poems often have a narrative or programmatic element, while symphonies may not necessarily have a designated theme or program.
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Step 4
6.4 Explain how the structure of Beethoven's Symphony No. 6 is different from the typical Classical symphonic model.
Answer
Beethoven's Symphony No. 6, often called the 'Pastoral Symphony', notably differs in structure by:
- Utilizing five movements instead of the typical four.
- The fourth movement presents a Free/Episodical form rather than a strict sonata form.
- The last three movements are played immediately after each other without breaks, presenting a continuous narrative.
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