Define a homologous series - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 2
Question 4
Define a homologous series.
Name the type of reaction represented by I.
Write down the formula of the inorganic compound P.
Give the structural formula of a POSIT... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Define a homologous series - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 2
Step 1
Define a homologous series.
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Answer
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds that can be described by the same general formula or functional group. Each successive compound in the series differs from the previous one by a constant unit, usually a -CH₂ group.
Step 2
Name the type of reaction represented by I.
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Answer
The reaction represented by I is a substitution reaction, specifically a halogenation reaction, where bromine substitutes one of the hydrogen atoms in butane.
Step 3
Write down the formula of the inorganic compound P.
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Answer
The formula of the inorganic compound P is HBr (hydrobromic acid).
Step 4
Give the structural formula of a POSITIONAL isomer of 2-bromobutane.
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Answer
The structural formula of a positional isomer of 2-bromobutane is as follows:
Br
|
H₃C-CH-CH₂-CH₃
|
H
In this case, the isomer is 1-bromobutane.
Step 5
Using molecular formulae, write down the balanced equation for reaction II.
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The balanced equation for the reaction of pentane with excess oxygen is:
ightarrow 5CO₂ + 6H₂O$$
Step 6
Define a cracking reaction.
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A cracking reaction is a chemical process in which larger hydrocarbons are broken down into shorter or more useful hydrocarbons or molecules, typically through the application of heat or catalysts.
Step 7
Give the structural formula of organic compound Q.
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Answer
The structural formula of organic compound Q (ethane) is:
