The flow diagram below shows the steps used to prepare fertilisers X and Y - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 10 - 2018 - Paper 2
Question 10
The flow diagram below shows the steps used to prepare fertilisers X and Y. Labels I and II represent types of chemical reactions and P is a compound.
P + H₂(g)
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:The flow diagram below shows the steps used to prepare fertilisers X and Y - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 10 - 2018 - Paper 2
Step 1
10.1.1 Write down the NAME of the reaction labelled I
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Answer
The reaction labelled I is known as the 'Catalytic oxidation of ammonia'.
Step 2
10.1.2 Write down the NAME of the reaction labelled II
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The reaction labelled II is referred to as 'Neutralisation/acid-base reaction'.
Step 3
10.2.1 Write down the NAME or FORMULA of Compound P
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Compound P is Nitric acid with the formula HNO₃.
Step 4
10.2.2 The brown gas
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The brown gas produced in the reaction is Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).
Step 5
10.2.3 Liquid C
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Liquid C is Nitric acid (HNO₃).
Step 6
10.3.1 Write down a balanced equation for the preparation of fertiliser X
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The balanced equation for the preparation of fertiliser X is:
2NH3+H2SO4→(NH4)2SO4
Step 7
10.3.2 Write down a balanced equation for Reaction I
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The balanced equation for Reaction I is:
4NH3+5O2→4NO+6H2O
Step 8
10.4 Fertiliser Y is ammonium nitrate. Calculate the mass percentage of nitrogen in fertiliser Y.
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Fertiliser Y is ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃). To calculate the mass percentage of nitrogen:
Molar mass of NH₄NO₃:
N: 14 g/mol × 2 = 28 g/mol
H: 1 g/mol × 4 = 4 g/mol
O: 16 g/mol × 3 = 48 g/mol
Total: 28 + 4 + 48 = 80 g/mol
% N = (mass of N / molar mass of NH₄NO₃) × 100 = (28 / 80) × 100 = 35%.
Thus, the mass percentage of nitrogen in fertiliser Y is 35%.
