Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 2 - 2016 - Paper 1

Dogma comes from the Greek word meaning 'appearance' or 'opinion.' In religious context, it entails:

• Principles laid down by an authoritative religious body.
• A system of beliefs that are considered absolute and not open for discussion.
• While some dogmas are essential to faith, they can vary significantly across religions, establishing core tenets that followers are expected to uphold.

The term 'myth' is derived from 'mythos,' meaning 'word' or 'story.' In religion:

• Myths convey truths about existence, creation, and moral teachings.
• They often explain the origins of the world or significant life events, although they may not necessarily carry a moral implication.
• Myths play a crucial role in shaping the narratives and psychological frameworks of religious beliefs.

Doctrine refers to a set of beliefs or principles that form the foundation of a religion:

• It encapsulates core teachings that guide believers.
• Doctrines provide a comprehensive framework for understanding faith and practice, often safeguarding what is deemed essential in belief systems.
• They also represent congregational unity based on shared beliefs.

For instance, in Christianity, unique features include:

1. The belief in the Trinity: God exists as three persons - the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
2. Salvation through Jesus Christ: Salvation is obtained through faith in Jesus, who died for humanity's sins.
3. The Sacraments: Practices like baptism and Eucharist (Holy Communion) serve as outward signs of faith.
4. The emphasis on love and forgiveness: Christians are called to love one another and forgive transgressions.
5. Eschatology: Beliefs about afterlife, including resurrection and eternal life, shape moral and ethical behaviors.

The right to life is foundational in numerous religions:

• In Christianity, life is sacred as per the commandment 'Thou shalt not kill.'
• Islamic teachings uphold the sanctity of life, with the Qur'an emphasizing the importance of preserving human life.
• Many traditions stress that life should be protected and valued above all, reflecting profound respect for the divine creation.

Respect is emphasized across many faiths:

• In the Bahá'í faith, respect for others' beliefs is crucial, promoting dialogue and understanding.
• In Buddhism, respecting all life is essential, with teachings advocating for non-harm.
• Many religions agree that honoring elders and those in authority aligns with respect’s core values.

Love is a core value in most religions:

• In Christianity, loving one’s neighbors and God is paramount, reflecting the commandment to love.
• In Islam, love for one another is stressed as essential for community cohesion.
• The teachings often link love to compassion and mercy, emphasizing the need to treat others with kindness.