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Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 3 - 2017 - Paper 2
Question 3
Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow. Darwin's theory of evolution gave an alternative explanation for the origin of man. While evolution doe... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 3 - 2017 - Paper 2
Step 1
Explain the theory of evolution.
Answer
Darwin's theory of evolution is primarily centered around the concept of natural selection. It posits that:
- Species exhibit a variety of minor differences.
- Over time, species and their characteristics evolve.
- Those variations that favor survival lead to greater reproductive success, thereby favoring individuals that possess advantageous traits.
- Evolution causes a gradual change in species complexity as they adapt to their environments.
- Furthermore, all living forms are interconnected, having diverged from a common ancestor.
- The mechanisms of evolution do not imply any specific endpoint or divine plan, but indicate a continual journey of development in response to environmental challenges.
Step 2
Discuss the response of any ONE religion to Darwin's theory.
Answer
Using Buddhism as an example, the response to Darwin's theory highlights several points:
- Many Buddhists reconcile the theory of evolution with Buddhist teachings, suggesting compatibility rather than conflict.
- Buddhism lacks an account of creation, instead focusing on the perpetual transformation and evolution of all life forms.
- Buddhists believe in the continuous evolution of species, indicating support for scientific views.
- The Buddhist concept of Nirvana signifies a higher state beyond physical existence, reflecting a unique perspective on life transformation.
- Overall, Buddhism does not find contention with the theory of evolution, viewing it as a natural process rather than opposing religious beliefs.
Step 3
Give a brief explanation of the Big Bang Theory.
Answer
The Big Bang Theory is currently recognized as the leading scientific explanation for the origin of the universe. It asserts that:
- The universe began from an extremely hot and dense state approximately 13.8 billion years ago.
- Initially, it was a singularity, which then expanded rapidly, leading to the cooling and formation of matter.
- This expansion accounts for the observed redshift in distant galaxies, indicating movement away from one another.
- Various elements were synthesized as a result of cooling, eventually leading to the formation of stars and galaxies.
- Today, the universe continues to expand, supported by cosmic background radiation and observation of distant celestial bodies.